<p>The Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home is the house located at 816 South Hennepin Avenue, Dixon, Illinois, in which the late former President of the United States Ronald Reagan lived as a youth beginning in 1920. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>General</h3><br>
<p>The Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home was constructed in Dixon, Illinois, in 1891; its design is fairly typical of American houses during the time period.</p><br>
<h3>National Historic Site designation</h3><br>
<p>The home is open to the public and operated by the Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home Foundation. On February 6, 2002, (Public Law 107-137), the United States Secretary of the Interior was authorized to purchase the property from the foundation and establish a USA National Historic Site under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service (NPS). The law specifies that the site will not be designated as the Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home National Historic Site until after the Department of the Interior acquires the property.</p><br>
<p>The legislation that became Public Law 107-137 was pushed through Congress by then-House Speaker Dennis Hastert over objections that the bill be delayed while the National Park Service conducted a study of the site. In 2003 the Department of the Interior contracted private appraisals of the property which valued it at $420,000. In late February 2003 the Reagan Boyhood Home Preservation Foundation formally rejected the government offer of $420,000 to turn the property into a National Historic Site, calling it insulting.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and design</h2><br>
<p>The 1891 house is cast in the popular Queen Anne style. The two-storey house rests on a stone foundation and is topped with a gable roof which was originally covered with cedar shingles.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<h3>National Register significance</h3><br>
<p>The Reagan Boyhood Home is most significant as the home of 40th USA President Ronald Reagan and his family from late 1920 until 1923. on March 26, 1982.</p><br>
<h3>Reagan at the house</h3><br>
<p>According to the National Register of Historic Places documentation, Ronald Reagan stated that the house was associated with important events of his childhood. One author, James E. Combs, called Dixon&#39;s claim that the "Boyhood Home" is the actual boyhood home of Ronald Reagan a bit bogus considering the Reagans moved often and only lived in the house for about two years.</p><br>
<p>While they lived in the home the Reagan brothers shared a second-floor bedroom, despite the house having three bedrooms. Ronald&#39;s mother used the third as a work room.</p><br>
<p>The Bahama Banks are the submerged carbonate platforms that make up much of the Bahama Archipelago. The term is usually applied in referring to either the Great Bahama Bank around Andros Island, or the Little Bahama Bank of Grand Bahama Island and Great Abaco, which are the largest of the platforms, and the Cay Sal Bank north of Cuba. The islands of these banks are politically part of the Bahamas. Other banks are the three banks of the Turks and Caicos Islands, namely the Caicos Bank of the Caicos Islands, the bank of the Turks Islands, and wholly submerged Mouchoir Bank. Further southeast are the equally wholly submerged Silver Bank and Navidad Bank north of the Dominican Republic.</p><br>
<h2>Geologic history and structure</h2><br>
<p>The limestone that comprises the Banks has been accumulating since at least the Cretaceous period, and perhaps as early as the Jurassic; today the total thickness under the Great Bahama Bank is over 4.5 kilometres (2.8 miles). As the limestone was deposited in shallow water, the only way to explain this massive column is to estimate that the entire platform has subsided under its own weight at a rate of roughly 3.6 centimetres (2 inches) per 1,000 years.</p><br>
<p>The waters of the Bahama Banks are very shallow; on the Great Bahama Bank they are generally no deeper than 25 meters (80 feet).</p><br>
<p>The slopes around them however, such as the border of the Tongue of the Ocean in the Great Bahama Bank, are very steep. The Banks were dry land during past ice ages, when sea level was as much as 120 meters (390 feet) lower than at present; the area of the Bahamas today thus represents only a small fraction of their prehistoric extent. When they were exposed to the atmosphere, the limestone structure was subjected to chemical weathering that created the caves and sinkholes common to karst terrain, resulting in structures like blue holes.</p><br>
<p>Nairobi River is a river flowing through the Kenyan capital Nairobi. It is the main river of the Nairobi river basin, a complex of several parallel streams flowing eastwards. All of the Nairobi basin rivers join east of Nairobi and meet the Athi River, eventually flowing to the Indian ocean. These rivers are mostly narrow and highly polluted, though recent efforts have seen fruitful gains in cleaning up the river.</p><br>
<p>The main stream, Nairobi River, bounds the northern city centre, where it is partly canalized.</p><br>
<h2>Tributaries</h2><br>
<p>Nairobi River has several tributaries, including (in descending order from north to south):</p><br>
<p>Ruiru River</p><br>
<p>Kamiti River</p><br>
<p>Kasarani River (aka Gathara-ini)</p><br>
<p>Ruaraka (aka Rui Ruaka)</p><br>
<p>Karura River</p><br>
<p>Gitathuru River (aka Getathuru)</p><br>
<p>Mathare River</p><br>
<p>Nairobi River (the main channel)</p><br>
<p>Kirichwa</p><br>
<p>Motoine-Ngong River</p><br>
<p>Motoine River flows to the Nairobi Dam, an artificial lake meant to provide drinkable water for residents of Nairobi.</p><br>
<p>Further onwards the stream continues as Ngong River.</p><br>
<p>Gathara-ini Stream originates in marshes in the lower reaches of Aberdare mountains and flows through human settled areas. The stream experiences different impacts originating from anthropogenic sources along the channels and in the catchment. In the upper sections of Kiambaa and Kanunga areas, the stream passes through swampy and marshy areas, with subsistence agriculture and human settlement being the main types of land use. In midsections of Kiambu, extensive coffee estates and intensive mixed farming are the major forms of land use.</p><br>
<p>In the lower sections of Githurai and Zimmerman, the stream is characterized by coffee farming, intensive mixed farming and some industries such as Kamiti Tannery Factory. The lower stream waters are brackish and characterised by foul smell. Riverine subsistence agriculture of arrowroots and kales were common throughout the studied area. Efforts to conserve and preserve this river are yet to be initiated.</p><br>
<p>Nairobi&#39;s rivers suffer from contaminations by agriculture, slums and industrial areas. During rainy seasons the discharge tends to multiply, causing floods on low-lying riverbanks.</p><br>
<p>There is a second river called Nairobi in Kenya. It starts on Mount Kenya and is a tributary of the Sagana and then the Tana, the longest river in Kenya.</p><br>
<p>First Baptist Church is a historic Baptist church in Richmond, Virginia, United States. Lott Carey and Colin Teague were associated with this church. Established downtown in 1780, it is currently located on the corner of Monument Avenue and The Boulevard. The current senior minister is the Rev. Dr. Jim Somerville, former pastor of the First Baptist Church of Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>The church building was designed by noted architect Thomas U. Walter and built between 1839 and 1841. In 1841, a group of members formed the First African Baptist Church. It is a stuccoed temple-form Greek Revival style building with the two fluted Doric order columns of its portico in antis. During the American Civil War the church building served as an emergency hospital for Confederate Army soldiers. In 1938, the congregation sold the church to the Medical College of Virginia.</p><br>
<h2>Style and Worship</h2><br>
<p>First Baptist Church offers two traditional Sunday services, the one at 11:00 am being broadcast live on a local ABC television station. Most aspects of the church reflect traditional Baptist churches including Sunday school prior to worship and evening bible studies throughout the week. The music during worship is several hymns, an offertory song (usually instrumental) and a choral anthem. Other music that may be added is children or youth choir, English handbells or various soloists on instruments. Wednesdays offer a meal and activities for everyone.</p><br>
<p>The Youth Group takes up the whole third floor and is 8th to 12th graders. There are usually a minimum 50 people a Sunday.</p><br>
<h2>Firsts</h2><br>
<p>Not only was it the first church of any denomination to be organized in Richmond, the first Baptist church organized in a Virginia city, and the first church in Virginia to organize a missionary society for women, but it also was the first in the city to organize a Sunday school for children, the first in America to send her own members as foreign missionaries to the continent of Africa, and the first in the Southern Baptist Convention to have a church library.</p><br>
<p>The Eisbach  is a small man-made river, 2 kilometres long, in Munich. It flows through the park known as the Englischer Garten and is a side arm of the Isar River. A manmade wave has been created on one section.</p><br>
<p>Swimming in the Eisbach is not technically allowed, but as the rule is not stringently enforced, swimmers can be seen especially on warm summer days. At least two people have drowned in the lower part of the Eisbach, a swimmer in 2003 and a non-swimmer, who may have slipped or fallen asleep near the river, in February 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Surfing on the Eisbach</h2><br>
<p>Just past a bridge near the Haus der Kunst art museum, the river forms a standing wave about 1 metre high, which is a popular river surfing spot. The water is cold and shallow (sometimes only 40 cm deep), making it suitable only for experienced surfers and playboaters (whitewater kayakers). The wave is predominantly used by surfers, and animosities of surfers towards kayakers have occasionally been reported.</p><br>
<p>The wave has been surfed by river surfers since 1972, and surfing competitions have even been held. Due to the more recent development of playboating, kayakers have only more recently and so far not in great numbers started to surf the wave.</p><br>
<p>Since 2010 surfing has been officially permitted on the river. A new sign next to the wave warns that "Due to the forceful current, the wave is suitable for skilled and experienced surfers only". In previous years there have been issue between the authorities, who threatened to demolish the wave, and a group of wave supporters who organized activities and a website to save the wave, including an online petition to leave the wave intact.</p><br>
<p>Being a standing wave it can be surfed for as long as one&#39;s balance holds, and in busy times a queue of surfers forms on the bank. In the past surfers tied a leash to the bridge to hold onto, but a sign announces that this is both dangerous and forbidden.</p><br>
<p>The local surfers have forced the wave to break more cleanly, with increased height, by attaching ropes to the bridge which trail submerged planks, creating two large "U"-shapes. Such a shape makes the wave easier to surf for river surfers (playboating makes fewer demands of the wave shape).</p><br>
<p>There is a second standing wave on the Eisbach which is located a few hundred meters down stream further north in The English Garden. The Eisbach is wider at this point so the water flows more slowly and the wave is less demanding, which results in the wave being used by beginners to develop their surfing skills. Another wave for beginners is in Floßlände near the Thalkirchen U-Bahn station. It has also been surfed since 1972, and it is wide enough to take a few surfers at a time. A third standing wave in Munich forms on the Isar itself near the bridge Wittelsbacherbrücke, but only at flood levels of the river. Due to the dirt, manure and objects like tree branches drifting in the flood in the first days, this wave is usually surfed only a few days after the water level has risen.</p><br>
<p>The Franciscan Missions of the Sierra Gorda in the Mexican state of Querétaro were declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO in 2003. They are credited to Junípero Serra of the Franciscan Order, who also founded important missions in Alta California.</p><br>
<p>The five missions are: Santiago de Jalpan and Nuestra Señora de la Luz de Tancoyol in the municipality of Jalpan, Santa María del Agua de Landa and San Francisco del Valle de Tilaco in Landa, and San Miguel Concá in Arroyo Seco. The facades of these churches are important because of the “Mestizo Baroque” style, which shows significant indigenous influence by the Pame Indians who built them.</p><br>
<h2>Region</h2><br>
<p>The Sierra Gorda is an ecological region centered on the northern third of the state of Querétaro and extending into the neighboring states of Guanajuato, Hidalgo and San Luis Potosí. The region is on a branch of the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range and consists of a series of mountain chains that run northwest to southeast. Within Querétaro, the ecosystem extends from the center of the state starting in parts of San Joaquín and Cadereyta de Montes municipalities and covering all of the municipalities of Peñamiller, Pinal de Amoles, Jalpan de Serra, Landa de Matamoros and Arroyo Seco, for a total of 250km2 of territory.</p><br>
<p>All of the Sierra Gorda is marked by very rugged terrain, which includes canyons and steep mountains. Altitudes range from just 300 meters above sea level in the Río Santa María Canyon in Jalpan to 3,100 masl at the Cerro de la Pingüica in Pinal de Amoles. The micro-environments of the region range from conifer forests, oak forests, mostly found on mountain peaks, banana and sugar cane fields in the deeper canyons. On the east side, there are deciduous forests. On the west side, bordering the Mexican Plateau, there are desert and semi desert conditions, with a variety of cactus and arid scrub brush. Among its features are the peaks associated with the Sierra Alta de Hidalgo, the pine forests of Zamoarano, the Extorax Canyon and the slopes of the Huazmazonta, the inter-mountain valleys where the five missions are found and the rolling hills leading into La Huasteca. The wide variations of altitude and rainfall favor a wide variety of flora and wildlife.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Although there had been some city building in this area during the Pre Classic era, with heights between the 6th and 10th centuries, these cities had been abandoned long before the Spanish arrived in the 16th century. The Spanish dominated the far west and the far east of the Sierra Gorda (today in the states of Guanajuato and Hidalgo), but could not dominate the center in what is now Querétaro. This is because the rugged terrain and fierce resistance, especially by the Jonaz.</p><br>
<p>Efforts to dominate the region included evangelization efforts, many of which failed before the mid 18th century. During the 16th and 17th century, there were attempts to evangelize the Sierra Gorda of Querétaro by the Augustinians, Franciscans and Dominicans. However, almost all of these missions were never completed or were destroyed soon after they were built by the indigenous communities. The best known example is the Bucareli Mission is located in the community of Puerto de Tejamanil in the municipality of Pinal de Amoles. The mission was founded in 1797 by Franciscan Juan Guadalupe Soriano for evangelization of the local Jonaz people. The full name of the mission is the Purísima Concepción de Bucarelí. It was never finished with only part of the monastery, the mines and the church visible. On 4 February, mass in honor of Francis of Assisi is performed here, in a small chapel with still remains, although there is no roof in any part of the complex. The mission was completely abandoned during the Mexican Revolution in 1914 and construction officially suspended in 1926.</p><br>
<p>In 1740, the colonial government decided to exterminate indigenous resistance here to secure trade routes to Guanajuato and Zacatecas. This was accomplished by José de Escandón, whose expedition culminated in the Battle of Media Luna, defeating the Jonaz and Ximpeces. The military pacification of the area by José de Escandón in the 1740s allowed for the building of permanent missions in the heart of the Sierra Gorda. However, the five Franciscans missions accredited to Junípero Serra were built in Pame territory, as these people were more accepting of Spanish domination. The Spanish decided to burn original Pame villages and resettle the population around missions for better control. Those who did not submit either committed suicide or went to live in the mountains. The placement of the missions had the purpose of dividing the heart of the Sierra Gorda and to open roads into San Luis Potosí.</p><br>
<p>Junípero Serra spent eight years on the project of building the missions until 1770, when a number of historical events, including the expulsion of the Jesuits, forced the abandonment of the missions. Serra moved onto California. From then until the late 20th century, the complexes suffered abandonment, deterioration and damage. This was especially true during the Mexican Revolution with many churches in the region were sacked and a number of portal figures on these Franciscan churches became “decapitated” by the fighting.</p><br>
<p>In the 1980s, a group from the Xilitla office of INAH got lost in the area and came upon one of the missions. The find led to efforts to save the missions and culminated with their declaration as a World Heritage Site in 2003. Initial restoration work to the structure and exterior of the mission churches was begun in the 1980s. Between 1991 and 1997, interior work on altars, choirs, organs and paintings was done. Further work was sponsored by the state between 1997 and 2002, which included that on surrounding plazas and monuments. Restoration costs for the Tancoyol mission alone were over three million pesos by 2008. The effort to inscribe the missions as a World Heritage Site began in 2000 by a group of Mexican intellectuals including Dr. Miguel León Portilla. The effort took two and a half years but was ultimately successful in 2003, when it was added during the 27th meeting of the World Heritage Committee. The five missions are promoted by the state tourism authority as the Ruta de las Misiones, (Mission Route).</p><br>
<h2>Missions</h2><br>
<p>Although the mission in Jalpan was established before Junípero Serra’s 1750 arrival into the region, Serra is given credit for building the five main missions of this area and completing the evangelization of the local people. In reality, the missions were built by Pame hands, under the direction of various Franciscan monks including José Antonio de Murguía in Concá, Juan Crispi in Tilaco, Juan Ramos de Lora in Tancoyol and Miguel de la Campa in Landa. However, the vision for the building of the missions was Serra’s, as he imagined a type of utopia based on Franciscan principles. Serra insisted that the missionaries learn the local languages and experience hunger along with the rest of the population. There was still hostility to the Spanish presence, and Serra’s response was economic as well as spiritual.</p><br>
<p>The main feature of these churches is the ornate decoration of the main portals, although there is decoration on the bell towers and in some churches, other areas as well. This decoration is termed “Mestizo Baroque” or “mestizo architecture” according to INAH. The mission churches have a single nave, covered by a cannon vault, but each has its own peculiarities, especially in the portals. Serra spent eleven years in the Sierra Gorda before moving north in the late 1760s. The missions established in Querétaro would be the first of a long series of missions that would be established as the Spanish made their way north into what is now southern California.</p><br>
<p>The Santiago mission in Jalpan was established before the arrival of Junípero Serra in 1744, but Serra was in charge of building the mission complex that stands today from 1751 to 1758, the first to be built. It is dedicated to James the Greater, the first evangelist. This complex is situated in the center of the modern town in front of the main plaza and formed by an atrium, cloister, pilgrim portal and church, with a chapel annex on the left side. The original atrium wall was lost, but reconstructed in the same style, with three portals and inverted arches. The main features of the ornate portal on the facade are Our Lady of the Pillar and the Virgin of Guadalupe, both with Mesoamerican connections, as well as a double headed eagle, meant to symbolize the blending of the two cultures.</p><br>
<p>The facade is elaborately done in stucco and stone work, with ochre of the pilasters contrasting with the yellow of many of the decorative details. Much of the detail is vegetative, along with small angels and eagles. European elements include images of saints such as Saint Dominic and Francis of Assisi and the Franciscan coat of arms. Inside the door, there are the images of Saints Peter and Paul. Native elements include a double-headed Mexican eagle devouring a serpent. On the upper left, there is an image of the Virgin of Guadalupe on the upper left, the Our Lady of the Pillar. These are the virgin images of Mexico and Spain respectively. This statue is said to have been taken by a general at the end of the 19th century. It was replaced by a more modern clock. Inside, the cupola of the Jalpan mission contains scenes of the appearance of the Virgin of Guadalupe.</p><br>
<p>A second mission is located in the community of Tancoyol called Nuestra Señora de la Luz de Tancoyol, dedicated to Our Lady of Light. This facade has profuse vegetative ornamentation, with ears of corn prominent and is the most elaborate of the five missions. The structure is similar to those in Jalpan and Landa. It has a church with a Latin cross layout and choir area, a sacristy, atrium with cross and chapels in the corners of the atrium called “capillas posas.” There is also a pilgrims’ gate, a cloister and quarters for the priest. The interior has a number of sculptures including one of “Our Lady of Light.” The facade is marked by a rhomboid window surrounded by a representation of the cord Franciscans use to tie their habits. The basic theme of the facade is mercy, represented by interventions by the Virgin Mary and various saints. The iconography of this portal is the most elaborate of the five missions. The facade consists of three bodies, a pediment and four estípite columns. The lower body has sculptures of Saints Peter and Paul and who Franciscan coats of arms. The second body has sculptures of Joachim and Saint Anne, with the Virgin Mary in her arms, and a niche in the center. There are also images from the Passion such as nails and a lance. This niche contained an image of Our Lady of Light, but it is empty now. Between the second and third bodies, there is a large window and above it, a representation of the stigmata of Francis of Assisi. The pediment contains a large cross in relief of two styles related to the Franciscan and Dominican orders. The main cross at the top represents redemption with the crosses of Calatrava and Jerusalem on either side. Indigenous elements are found in the church’s interior, with an image of a jaguar and a person with Olmec features. The bell tower is narrow and the baptistery is at the base of this tower. On the lower part appears a small window which illuminates the baptistery. The cupola of the tower is in a pyramid shape with a Baroque iron cross on top. Indigenous influence is noted in the interior columns of the church, which have images of a jaguar and a person with Olmec features.</p><br>
<p>San Miguel Concá is located forty km from Jalpan on Highway 69 to Río Verde. The church is in the center of the community on one side of Guerrero Street. It is oriented to the south and dedicated to the Archangel Michael. It is the smallest of the mission churches and was probably finished in 1754, according to an inscription located inside the church. Concá is a Pame word which means “with me.” San Miguel Concá is the furthest north and the smallest of the missions. The decoration features large flowers, foliage and coarse figures in indigenous style. It is distinguished by an image of the Holy Trinity at the crest along with a rabbit (a Pame symbol) and double-headed eagle.</p><br>
<p>San Francisco del Valle de Tilaco is in a small community eighteen km northeast of Landa de Matamoros. It was constructed between 1754 and 1762 by Juan Crespi and dedicated to Francis of Assisi. It has some characteristics different from the other missions. First, it is built on a gradient. The bell tower is separated from the main nave of the church by the baptistery and structurally functions as a buttress for the church. Tilaco is the best conserved of the five missions and has the most subtle ornamentation on its facade. Its facades are composed of three horizontal and three vertical partitions, with the Franciscan coat of arms prominent over the main entrance. In Tilaco, the facade has small angels, ears of corn and a strange large jar over which is an image of Francis of Assisi. One distinctive decorative element is four mermaids with indigenous features. Tilaco has the best conserved atrium corner chapels called “capillas posas,” which were used for processions.</p><br>
<p>Santa María del Agua de Landa is located twenty km from Jalpan on Highway 120 towards Xilitla. The mission was built between 1760 and 1768 by Miguel de la Campa is dedicated to Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, which gives rise to part of the community’s name. It was the last of the missions to be built. The atrium is bordered by a wall and centered by a cross, and paved in stone. It is noted for its equilibrium in composition and very narrow bell tower, which is integrated into the facade. The sculpture of this facade is considered to be the best of the five according to Arqueología Mexicana magazine. The faces of the mermaids at Landa have indigenous features.</p><br>
<p>High Island is an island in Lake Michigan and is part of the Beaver Island archipelago. It is 3,495 acre in size. The island is owned by the USA state of Michigan and is managed by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources as part of the Beaver Islands State Wildlife Management Area.</p><br>
<p>High Island got its name from a large, perched sand dune on the western side of the island. The sand, blown by the lake&#39;s prevailing winds, has piled up into a sand dune elevated 780 feet (238 m) above sea level, or 199 feet (61 m) above the level of Lake Michigan.</p><br>
<p>The island is currently uninhabited. It lies approximately four miles (6 km) west of the much larger Beaver Island.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>High Island was the home of a timber-cutting and truck farm operation run in 1912-1927 by the House of David, a millenarian sect based in Benton Harbor, Michigan. The High Island farm grew large quantities of potatoes and other root crops much valued by the House of David congregation, who were vegetarians.</p><br>
<p>The House of David era created intense interest among gentile neighbors, partly because members of the sect had been required to take a vow of celibacy prior to admission. The group largely abandoned its High Island operations in 1927 as the result of a sexual scandal involving sect leader Benjamin Purnell. The House of David population of High Island, at its peak, contained 120 to 150 persons, who lived in a village near High Island Bay on the east side of the island.</p><br>
<p>Before, during, and after the House of David era, High Island was the home of several extended families of Ottawa (Odawa) Native Americans, who were fishermen. The island supported a public school as late as 1936. However, fish yield in the Beaver Island archipelago began dropping sharply in the 1930s, and after the Armistice Day Blizzard of 1940, the remaining Odawa moved to Beaver Island.</p><br>
<p>The DNR has a couple of abandoned cabins on the island that have not been used by the agency since at least 2008. The only remaining trail head that is not overgrown starts in close proximity to the cabins. The cabins are named alpha and omega. They are in disrepair. The roofs leak, the windows/doors are not completely intact. Research teams spent time in the cabins years ago and there are some old remnants of that habitation which includes propane lights and appliances, some miscellaneous food and survival items.</p><br>
<h2>Biology</h2><br>
<p>High Island&#39;s Great Sand Bay, on the western side of the island, is one of the last suitable Great Lakes nesting sites for the endangered piping plover.</p><br>
<p>Many terns breed on a sandspit on the northeast corner of the island.</p><br>
<h2>Folklore</h2><br>
<p>The royal treasury of the Kingdom of Beaver Island, ruled by James Jesse Strang until he was shot in June 1856, is thought by some to have been secreted on High Island. After Strang was badly wounded by an assassin, he was taken to Wisconsin for medical treatment, and it is thought that one of Strangs followers secreted the treasure at that time. Strangs care was not successful, and the crowned king of Beaver Island died of his wounds. The treasure is said to have been buried 30 paces from a "large tree", easily noticeable in 1856 from its prominent location overlooking the island&#39;s northeast harbor.</p><br>
<p>High Island was logged shortly after this 1856 incident, thereby removing a landmark vital to the recovery of the alleged treasure. As of 1987 the treasure had not been recovered.</p><br>
<p>In the summer of 1541, after arriving on his third and final voyage, Jacques Cartier established a French colony of 400 people at present-day Cap-Rouge named Fort Charlesbourg Royal. It consisted of an upper fort, and lower fort located near the mouth of Cap-Rouge river. The upper fort, constructed at an elevation of 40 metres, offered a strategic defensive position, while the lower fort provided a potential anchorage for ships. The two forts had three towers. Charlesbourg Royal was named after Charles II, Duke of Orleans, third son of King Francis I of France.</p><br>
<p>During the first winter, 35 of Cartier’s men perished.</p><br>
<p>In August 2006, Quebec Premier Jean Charest and Canadian archaeologists under Yves Chretien announced the discovery of this long-lost settlement. Chretien identified its location from fragments of a decorated c.1540-1550 Italian style ceramic plate and six wood timber samples dated to the mid-16th century by a United States laboratory.</p><br>
<p>The Turkish Riviera , also known popularly as the Turquoise Coast, is an area of southwest Turkey encompassing the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, and to a lesser extent Aydın, southern İzmir and western Mersin. The combination of a favorable climate, warm sea, mountainous scenery, fine beaches along more than a thousand kilometers of shoreline along the Aegean and Mediterranean waters, and abundant natural and archaeological points of interest makes this stretch of Turkey&#39;s coastline a popular national and international tourist destination.</p><br>
<p>Among the archaeological points of interest are two of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: The ruins of the Mausoleum of Maussollos in Halicarnassus; and the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus.</p><br>
<p>The Turkish Riviera is also the home of the internationally known Blue Voyage (a.k.a. Carian Cruise), which allows participants to enjoy a week-long trip aboard the iconic local gulet schooners to ancient cities, harbors, tombs, mausolea, and intimate beaches in the numerous small coves, lush forests, and tranquil streams that lace the Turquoise Coast.</p><br>
<p>The coastline is further regarded as a cultural trove that provides background on a fascinating mixture of factual and mythological individuals, conflicts and events, and has frequently been referred to in the folklore of various cultures throughout history. As such, it is regarded as the home of scholars, saints, warriors, kings, and heroes, as well as the site of numerous well-known myths. Mark Antony of the Roman Empire is said to have picked the Turkish Riviera as the most beautiful wedding gift for his beloved Cleopatra of Egypt. St. Nicholas, who later became the basis of the Santa Claus legend, was born in Patara, a small town close to present-day Demre. Herodotus, regarded as the "father of History", was born in Bodrum (ancient Halicarnassus) in c. 484 BC. The volcanic mountains to the west of Antalya, near Dalyan, are believed to have been the inspiration for the mythical Chimera — the fire-breathing monster that Bellerophon slew.</p><br>
<h2>Communities and settlements</h2><br>
<p>Many cities, towns and villages in the area are internationally known, such as Alanya, Antalya, Bodrum, Çeşme, Fethiye, Kalkan, Kaş, Kemer, Kuşadası, Marmaris, and Side.</p><br>
<p>Places on the Turkish Riviera include:</p><br>
<p>Akbük</p><br>
<p>Akyaka</p><br>
<p>Alaçatı</p><br>
<p>Alanya</p><br>
<p>Antalya</p><br>
<p>Armutalan</p><br>
<p>Beldibi</p><br>
<p>Belek</p><br>
<p>Beycik</p><br>
<p>Bitez</p><br>
<p>Bodrum</p><br>
<p>Bozburun</p><br>
<p>Çamyuva</p><br>
<p>Çeşme</p><br>
<p>Çıralı</p><br>
<p>Dalaman</p><br>
<p>Dalyan</p><br>
<p>Datça</p><br>
<p>Demre</p><br>
<p>Didim</p><br>
<p>Fethiye</p><br>
<p>Finike</p><br>
<p>Gazipaşa</p><br>
<p>Göcek</p><br>
<p>Gökova</p><br>
<p>Gümüşlük</p><br>
<p>Güzelçamlı</p><br>
<p>Hisarönü</p><br>
<p>Ilıca</p><br>
<p>İçmeler</p><br>
<p>Kalkan</p><br>
<p>Kekova</p><br>
<p>Kemer</p><br>
<p>Kızkumu</p><br>
<p>Kumluca</p><br>
<p>Kuşadası</p><br>
<p>Konyaaltı</p><br>
<p>Köyceğiz</p><br>
<p>Lara</p><br>
<p>Manavgat</p><br>
<p>Marmaris</p><br>
<p>Milas</p><br>
<p>Muğla</p><br>
<p>Olympos</p><br>
<p>Ortaca</p><br>
<p>Ovacık</p><br>
<p>Ölüdeniz</p><br>
<p>Ören</p><br>
<p>Özdere</p><br>
<p>Patara</p><br>
<p>Selimiye</p><br>
<p>Side</p><br>
<p>Simena</p><br>
<p>Torba</p><br>
<p>Turgutreis</p><br>
<p>Turunç</p><br>
<p>Türkbükü</p><br>
<p>Ulupınar</p><br>
<p>Yalıkavak</p><br>
<h2>Image gallery</h2><br>
<p>Quandary Peak is the highest summit of the Tenmile Range in the Rocky Mountains of North America. It has nearly the same elevation as Castle Peak and Mount Evans. It lies in Summit County and within the White River National Forest about 6 mi south-southwest of the town of Breckenridge.</p><br>
<p>The standard route up Quandary Peak is a trail hike (class 1), starting from a trailhead about 1 mi north of Hoosier Pass on the east side of the peak. Hence it is a popular fourteener to climb because of the relatively easy ascent and its proximity to Denver and Breckenridge. Quandary Peak is also popular with backcountry skiers and snowboarders. The gentle ascent makes for an easy climb from the east with less danger from avalanche than on many other fourteeners. The other slopes of the peak are steep and appeal to expert backcountry skiers.</p><br>
<p>The trail climbs steadily across two marked jeep roads to your first glimpse of Quandary Peak, Hoosier Pass, and distant peaks of the Tenmile Range (.85 mile - 1.0 mile). It clears treeline and wraps to the south face of Quandary Peaks east ridge (1.0 miles: 11,721).</p><br>
<p>One such steep ski mountaineering route is the Cristo Couloir.</p><br>
<p>Discovery Bay is an open oceanic embayment lying along the coast of eastern South Australia and western Victoria in south-eastern Australia.</p><br>
<h2>Location and features</h2><br>
<p>Facing the Southern Ocean, Discovery Bay extends approximately 70 km from Cape Northumberland, near Port MacDonnell, South Australia in the northwest, to Cape Bridgewater in the southeast, 20 km west of Portland in western Victoria. Cape Northumberland is the southernmost point of mainland South Australia. The Glenelg River is the principal inflow and enters the bay near the town of Nelson.</p><br>
<p>The bay was named by explorer Thomas Mitchell when he came down the river on 20 August 1836.</p><br>
<p>The South Australian section of the bay’s coastline is protected by the Lower South East Marine Park while the Victorian section of the coast is protected in the Discovery Bay Coastal Park. The waters at the eastern end of the bay, adjacent to Cape Bridgewater, are protected by the Discovery Bay Marine National Park.</p><br>
<p>The President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site is located at 117 South Hervey Street  in Hope, Arkansas. Built in 1917 by Dr. H. S. Garrett, in this house the 42nd President of the United States Bill Clinton spent the first four years of his life, having been born at Julia Chester Hospital in Hope on August 19, 1946. The house was owned by his grandparents, Edith Grisham and James Eldridge Cassidy, and they cared for him when his mother, Virginia, was away working as an anesthetist in New Orleans.</p><br>
<p>On May 19, 1994, the site was added to the National Register of Historic Places (as "Bill Clinton Birthplace"). Tours were offered by the Clinton Birthplace Foundation. In accordance with the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the Secretary of the Interior accepted the property on December 14, 2010, establishing it as a national historic site and a unit of the National Park System. This change in status was originally proposed by Senator Mark Pryor of Arkansas. Bill Clinton and Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar formally dedicated the site on April 16, 2011.</p><br>
<p>Three Rock Mountain  is a mountain in Co Dublin, Ireland. It is 444 m high It was once believed that these features were man-made: for instance, Gabriel Beranger wrote of them in 1780, "I take them to be altars upon which sacrifices were offered the regularity which is observed in piling them convinces me they are the work of man, as they could not grow in that position". In fact, the three outcrops are tors: natural geological features produced by the gradual process of weathering. Today, the summit is dominated by the many radio masts and towers that use the site to broadcast their signals across the Dublin area below. The forestry plantations on the slopes consist mainly of Sitka spruce, Japanese larch, Scots pine, Monterey pine and lodgepole pine.</p><br>
<h2>Access and recreation</h2><br>
<p>The views from the summit are extensive and have attracted visitors for many years. The writer Weston St. John Joyce described the vista thus: “The view from this commanding height, 1,479 feet over sea-level, extends over a vast tract of mountain, sea, and plain, comprising, to the north, the blue waters of Dublin Bay, with Clontarf and Howth, the Naul or Man-of-War hills, and the Mourne Mountains; eastward, Kingstown, Dalkey, and Killiney, and then in succession the fertile vale of Shanganagh, Carrickgollogan, the Scalp, Bray Head, the Sugar Loaves, and the slopes of Prince William&#39;s Seat. In clear weather Holyhead and the Welsh mountains may frequently be discerned, Snowdon and the Llanberis Pass being usually the most conspicuous, but occasionally the elongated outline of Cader Idris may be observed some distance to the right". By way of contrast, Gabriel Beranger said of Three Rock, "The extensive summit of this mountain, the parched ground and its solitude, make it the most awful spot I had ever seen".</p><br>
<p>Access to the mountain is possible via the Coillte-owned forest recreation areas of Ticknock and Kilmashogue. The route via Kilmashogue follows the Wicklow Way hiking trail for part of the way. Three Rock is also traversed by the Dublin Mountains Way hiking trail that runs between Shankill and Tallaght. In 2007 a concept was submitted to DLR Co Co to create a Cableway from Sandyford Luas to Three Rock and to open up the views to touristic and easier access.</p><br>
<p>Several local sports clubs take their name from the mountain such as the Three Rock Orienteering Club has mapped the area and run orienteering competitions there since 1981 as well as Three Rock Rovers Hockey Club (field hockey) and Three Rock Rovers association football club.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On the top of central tor at the summit are four bowl-shaped depressions: these are bullauns which were used in early Christian times for grinding. At one time, to the east of central tor was the remains of an abandoned public house.</p><br>
<p>Close to the summit is the ruins of an old army shooting range which closed in the 1970s. The targets were raised and lowered by 12 men using levers in a concrete dugout. A red flag was raised along the forest road to alert visitors that firing exercises were in progress.</p><br>
<p>The remains of several hill forts, ring forts and other enclosures are to be found on the slopes of the mountain though they have largely disappeared under the forestry plantations.</p><br>
<p>During the nineteenth century, much of the lower slopes of Three Rock were covered with small quarries, especially around the village of Barnacullia, which supplied paving stones for Dublin Corporation for many years. Close to Barnacullia was a cottage that was occupied for many years by the Countess Markievicz up until the 1916 Easter Rising. The children of James Connolly stayed at the cottage during the week of the Rising. During the Irish War of Independence (1919–21) the 6th Battalion of the Dublin Brigade established a camp at Barnacullia.</p><br>
<p>Further down the slopes, near the Ticknock Road, is a holy well, known as Grumley&#39;s Well, reputed to cure eye ailments.</p><br>
<h2>Transmission site</h2><br>
<p>The main transmission site on Three Rock is owned and operated by 2RN a subsidiary of Irish national broadcaster RTÉ, its 140m cable stayed mast is close to the peak, which is 448 metres above Ordnance Datum.</p><br>
<p>This site, and Cairn Hill in County Longford, were the first UHF television transmitters built by RTÉ to facilitate the introduction of their second television channel (RTÉ 2) in 1978. Both transmitters also helped improve television reception in their respective service areas. Since 1961 Dublin city had been served by the Kippure VHF television transmitter in County Wicklow which did not cover some Eastern and Southern parts of the city very satisfactorily. A low power VHF TV relay transmitter (now defunct) had broadcast from the links tower at the RTÉ campus in Donnybrook to serve most of the districts not reached by Kippure. The original transmission tower on the site was superseded by the present 140m mast in 2002, but the tower remains as a microwave link facility carrying service feeds for broadcast and telecomms.</p><br>
<p>Today the Three Rock transmitters provide the Irish digital television service, Saorview, to Dublin city and county, as well as FM and DAB radio networks. Other masts at the site carry the majority of Dublin&#39;s local radio stations.</p><br>
<h2>Current transmissions</h2><br>
<h3>Digital television</h3><br>
<h3>Digital radio</h3><br>
<h3>Analogue FM radio</h3><br>
<h3>Three Rock Digital TV relay transmitters</h3><br>
<p>Islas Ildefonso are a group of islands in Chile. The islands belong to the Commune of Cabo de Hornos in Antártica Chilena Province of Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region. They lie 96 km west of Isla Hermite, part of Tierra del Fuego, and 93 km NNW of Diego Ramirez Islands, but only 27 km south of Isla Hoste or 23 km to rocks near Isla Hoste.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The islands were named by the Spanish navigator Diego Ramírez de Arellano, who piloted the Garcia de Nodal expedition through the region in 1619.</p><br>
<p>The islands consist of nine stacks, within two groups. They extend 6 km on a northwest-southeast axis. The land area measures about 200,000 sqm. More than 50% of this comprises the large single southern stack, which is 970 m long and between 80 to 200 m wide. The islands are steep and rocky, and covered in tussac grass.</p><br>
<h2>Important Bird Area</h2><br>
<p>The islands have been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area because they hold large breeding populations of both southern rockhopper penguins (86,000 breeding pairs) and black-browed albatrosses (47,000 breeding pairs). There are also smaller numbers of grey-headed albatrosses. Magellanic penguins, imperial shags and sooty shearwaters present.</p><br>
<p>Lake Valdayskoye, Lake Valdai  is a freshwater lake, located in the center of Valdaysky District of Novgorod Oblast in Russia, in the middle of the Valdai Hills. It is one of the biggest lakes in Novgorod Oblast. The area of the lake  is 19.7 km&sup2, and the area of its basin is 97.2 km&sup2;. The average depth of Lake Valdayskoye is 12 m . The lake freezes up in early December and stays icebound until early May. The lake is located in the center of Valdaysky National Park.</p><br>
<p>The town of Valday is located on the southwestern shore of the lake. One of the islands is occupied by the Valday Iversky Monastery. Besides Valday, there are also several villages all around the lake. The lake is connected to a smaller lake, Lake Uzhin, by an anabranch. Lake Uzhin is the source of the Valdayka River, which belongs to the river basin the Msta River and thus to the Baltic Sea basin.</p><br>
<p>The lake has almost a round shape with a large bay appended to it from the northwest. There are several islands on the lake, the biggest of which is Rudnev Island. It is connected by the dambs to the lake coast in the south and to Iversky Monastery in the north.</p><br>
<p>Lake Valdayskoye is located in the center of Valdai Hills, and is surrounded by many lakes. Many of these lakes drain into Lake Valdayskoye or into the Valdayka. The basion of the lake comprises all of the northeastern part of Valdaysky District.</p><br>
<p>The lake is a popular tourist destination, with many recreation facilities on its shores. In particular, the first meeting of the Valdai Discussion Club was held on the lake.</p><br>
<p>The lake is navigable. There is a cruiser ship running between the town of Valday and the Iversky Monastery.</p><br>
<p>The Alazeya River  is a river in the northeastern part of Yakutia, Russia which flows into the Arctic between the basins of the larger Indigirka River to the west and the Kolyma River to the east.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The river is 1,590 km long. The area of its basin is 64,700 km&sup2;. It crosses through the tundra and has many lakes and marshes.</p><br>
<p>The Alazeya is formed by the confluence of the Nelkan and Kadylchan Rivers and drains into the Kolyma Bay of the East Siberian Sea, close to Logashkino.</p><br>
<p>It freezes in late September through early October and stays icebound until late May through early June. The biggest tributary of the Alazeya is the Rossokha River.</p><br>
<p>There are more than 24,000 lakes in the basin of the Alazeya River.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Dmitrii Zyryan was the first Russian to reach the Alazeya in 1641, but did not found a permanent settlement.</p><br>
<p>Satawal is a solitary coral atoll of one island with about 500 people on just over 1 km located in the Caroline Islands in the Pacific Ocean It forms a legislative district in Yap State in the Federated States of Micronesia. Satawal is the easternmost island in the Yap island group and is located approximately 70 km east of Lamotrek.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The island, which measures 2 km long northeast-southwest, is up to 0.8 km wide and sits atop a small platform-like reef with a narrow fringing reef. The total land area is 1.3 km&sup2, and is thickly wooded with coconut and breadfruit trees. As there are no anchorages for large boats, Satawal is seldom visited by outsiders.</p><br>
<p>Administratively Piagailoe Atoll, located 71 kilometers to the northwest, belongs to Satawal municipality.</p><br>
<h2>Culture</h2><br>
<p>The native language is Satawalese, a Trukic language closely related to Woleaian, and the entire population of the island numbers approximately 500. Although located in Yap State, the people of Satawal are more closely related, culturally and linguistically, to those of Chuuk.</p><br>
<p>The Satawalese primarily subsist on fishing and some agriculture (coconuts, breadfruit, taro). They build small thatch houses for sleeping and use the trunks of breadfruit trees for boat-building. Cultural forms primarily revolve around dance and story-telling, and an alcoholic beverage known as tuba (a palm wine) is brewed from fermented coconut milk.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As with all of the Caroline Islands, sovereignty passed from Spain to the Empire of Germany in 1899. The island came under the control of the Empire of Japan after World War I, and was subsequently administered under the South Pacific Mandate. Following World War II, the island came under the control of the United States of America and was administered as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from 1947, and became part of the Federated States of Micronesia from 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Expert navigators</h2><br>
<p>The island is best known for its preservation of traditional navigational techniques without the use of instruments, based on indigenous astronomical and maritime concepts. Despite its small population, Satawal has continued to produce ocean-going canoes and expert navigators versed in these traditions. The best-known of the Satawal master navigators (paliuw), Mau Piailug, served as mentor and teacher to the founding members of the Polynesian Voyaging Society. The daily life of Satawal is documented in the Steve Thomas book The Last Navigator, which also treats Mau Piailug&#39;s traditional navigation system in some depth. Sanford J. Low produced, a documentary film about Mau Piailug and communal life on Satawal including food preparation, fishing and boat building.</p><br>
<p>On March 18, 2007, Piailug presided over the first Pwo ceremony for navigators on Satawal in 56 years. At the event five native Hawaiians and eleven others were inducted into Pwo as master navigators. The Polynesian Voyaging Society presented Piailug a canoe, the Alingano Maisu, as a gift for his key role in reviving traditional wayfinding navigation in Hawaii.</p><br>
<p>Big Rideau Lake is a lake in the municipalities of Tay Valley and Drummond/North Elmsley, Lanark County and Rideau Lakes, United Counties of Leeds and Grenville in Eastern Ontario, Canada. The lake is on the border between the two counties, 72 km to the southwest of Ottawa. It is 32 km long and is 6 km wide, is much narrower at its northeastern end than at its southwestern end, and is part of the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin. It is the largest lake on the Rideau Canal, which was designated a UNESCO world heritage site in 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Hydrology</h2><br>
<p>The primary inflow, at the southwest, is the Rideau River/Rideau Canal from Upper Rideau Lake via The Narrows channel and the Narrows lock and control structures. A second primary inflow is Black Creek at the west. The primary outflow, at the north, is also the Rideau River/Rideau Canal which leads via a channel to Lower Rideau Lake. The Rideau River and Canal flow to the Ottawa River and then to the Saint Lawrence River.</p><br>
<h2>Settlements</h2><br>
<p>The small community of Rideau Ferry is located at the junction between the Big Rideau and Lower Rideau Lake, at the northeastern end of the lake. The community of Portland is located along the southern shore of the lake.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>The shoreline of the Big Rideau Lake is lined with hundreds of cottages and houses. A public recreation area and campground, Murphys Point Provincial Park, is located along a substantial stretch of the shoreline on the northern side of the lake.</p><br>
<p>The Big Rideau Lake Association (BRLA) is a non-profit organization that was formed in 1911, and operates summer programs from Cow Island one of the many islands in Big Rideau. Its purpose is "to preserve and enhance the quality of life on Big Rideau Lake." The BRLA places private shoal markers throughout the lake, marking hazards underwater at some times in the navigational season. A group of markers indicate the extent of a shoal: go around, not between.</p><br>
<h2>Events</h2><br>
<p>The International Big Rideau Lake Speed Skating Marathon is an annual event.</p><br>
<h2>Natural History</h2><br>
<p>The common fish found in the Big Rideau Lake include Sunfish, Rock Bass, Northern Pike, Large and Small Mouth Bass, Crappie, Walleye and Lake Trout.</p><br>
<h2>Tributaries</h2><br>
<p>Rideau River</p><br>
<p>Black Creek</p><br>
<p>Monte Estância is a mountain in the southeastern part of the island Boa Vista in Cape Verde. At 387 m elevation, it is the islands highest point. It is located 23 km southeast of the island capital Sal Rei and not far from João Barrosa. The Atlantic Ocean is about 4 kilometres to the southeast and approximately 10 km to the west Monte Santo António or Pico, the islands second highest point. The mountain is entirely of volcanic origin. Almost the whole mountain area has no vegetation and is considered as the island&#39;s "countryside icon" and is seen throughout much of the island.</p><br>
<p>It is part of a protected natural space in Cape Verde under the statute of natural monument, a reason that describes geological and geomorphical features. It also protects notable endemic plants and flowers and endangered birds. The protected area covers 736 ha and its boundary is 10.947 km long.</p><br>
<p>Astypalaia , is a Greek island with 1,334 residents . It belongs to the Dodecanese, an archipelago of twelve major islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea.</p><br>
<p>The island is 18 km long, 13 km wide at the most, and covers an area of 97 km. Along with numerous smaller uninhabited offshore islets (the largest of which are Sýrna and Ofidoussa), it forms the Municipality of Astypalaia, which is part of the Kalymnos regional unit. The municipality has an area of 114.077 km. The capital and the previous main harbour of the island is Astypalaia or Chora, as it is called by the locals.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>Astypalea was believed to be named after Astypalea, an ancient Greek mythological figure. The island is known in Italian as Stampalia and in Ottoman Turkish as İstanbulya (استانبوليه)</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The coasts of Astypalaia are rocky with many small pebble-strewn beaches. A small band of land of roughly 126 metres wide almost separates the island in two sections at Stenó.</p><br>
<p>A new harbour has been built in Agios Andreas on the mid island from where now the connections are west and east with Piraeus and the other islands of the Dodecanese. Flight connections with Athens from the airport close to Maltezana.</p><br>
<h3>Places</h3><br>
<p>Villages: Astypalea or Chora (pop. 1,036), Analipsi or Maltezana (149), Livadi (39), Vathi (14)</p><br>
<p>Islets: Agía Kyriakí, Astypálaia, Avgó, Glynó, Zaforás, Kounoúpoi, Koutsomýti, Mesonísi, Ofidoússa, Plakída, Pontikoúsa, Stefánia, Sýrna, Fokionísia, Khondró, Khondronísi (all uninhabited except Astypálaia itself)</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In Greek mythology, Astypalaia was a woman abducted by Poseidon in the form of a winged fish-tailed leopard. The island was colonized by Megara or possibly Epidaurus, and its governing system and buildings are known from numerous inscriptions. Pliny the Elder records that Rome accorded Astypalaia the status of a free state. It was assigned to the Aegean Roman province of Insulae.</p><br>
<p>During the Middle Ages it belonged to the Byzantines until 1207, when - in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade - it became a fief of the Querini, a noble Venetian family, until 1522. The Querini built a castle that is still in place and added the name of the island to their family name, which became Querini Stampalia. Astypalaia was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1522, and remained under Ottoman control until 1912, with two interruptions: from 1648 until 1668, during the Cretan War, it was occupied by Venice, and from 1821 to 1828 during the Greek War of Independence.</p><br>
<p>On April 12, 1912, during the Italo-Turkish War, a detachment of the Regia Marina landed on Astypalaia, which thus became the first island of the Dodecanese to be occupied by Italy. From there the Italians, on the night between the 3rd and 4 May, landed on Rhodes. The island remained under Italian governance until World War II. In 1947, through the Treaty of Paris, it became part of Greece along with the rest of the Dodecanese island group.</p><br>
<h3>Archaeology</h3><br>
<p>The religious and political center of the classical city-state of Astypalaia was the hill crowned by the Querini castle. The modern town of Chora occupies the same site, and worked stones from ancient monuments are reused in older houses as well as the castle. A one-room museum at Pera Gialos, on the shore near the old port, displays inscriptions, grave monuments, and other artifacts from the island (open May–September, free entry, no photographs permitted). The earliest material on display is fragments of neolithic pottery. One case contains intact pottery, bronze weapons, and stone tools from a pair of richly furnished Mycenaean chamber tombs excavated at Armenochori (approximately 0.5 km west of the chapel of Agios Panteleimonas).</p><br>
<p>At Kylindra, on the west flank of the castle hill, a unique graveyard has been excavated by the Greek archaeological service. At least 2700 newborns and small children, below the age of two, were buried in ceramic pots between approximately 750 B.C. and Roman times. Since 2000, a team from University College London has undertaken systematic study of these remains and those of a contemporary cemetery for adults and older children excavated at Katsalos nearby.</p><br>
<p>Kylindra was first excavated in 1996 by the 22nd Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities, who dated Kylindra from the Late Archaic to the Early Classical periods, and is also the largest child and infant cemetery in the world. They dated the nearby adult cemetery, Katsalos, from the Geometric to the Roman Period. Skeletal remains of infants are rare amongst most cemetery excavations; Ancient Greeks buried their infants in trade pots, such as amphorae, which contributed to the preservation of the remains from Kylindra. The collection of child and infant remains is currently housed at University College London, where the growth and developments of the children and infants through development of tissues, bones, teeth structures are studied.Hillson, Simon, "The World&#39;s Largest Infant Cemetery and Its Potential for Studying Growth and Development," Hesperia Supplements Vol. 43, New Directions in the Skeletal Biology of Greece (2009), pp. 137-154.</p><br>
<p>The well-preserved mosaic floor of an early Christian basilica, decorated with geometric designs, lies underneath the chapel of Agia Varvara about 700 meters north of the small port of Analipsi (Maltezana). Its monolithic columns and marble column bases were evidently reused from a Hellenistic or Roman-period religious building nearby. A few meters east of the harbor of Analipsi, at a site known as Tallaras, are the remains of a late Roman-era bath. Its mosaic floors, including a Helios surrounded by the signs of the Zodiac, have been reburied by the Greek Archaeological Service (as of 9/2013), but photographs are on display at the museum. Mosaic floor fragments remain in situ at the ruined early Christian basilicas of Karekli (Schoinountas) and Agios Vasilios (south of Livadi).</p><br>
<p>Road signs lead to the inconspicuous, inaccessible remains of a pre-Venetian fortification on Mt. Patelos opposite the monastery of Agios Ioannis at the western extreme of Astypalaia.</p><br>
<h3>Treaty with Rome</h3><br>
<p>Astypalaia&#39;s treaty with Rome, made in 105 B.C., has survived in an inscription found on the island. The text appears in Robert Kenneth, "Rome and the Greek East to the death of Augustus", p. 57-58</p><br>
<p>A noteworthy feature of this treaty is its formal assumption of sovereign equality between Rome and Astypalaia: the Astypalaians would not aid the enemies of the Romans or allow such enemies passage through their territory, and likewise the Romans would not aid the enemies of the Astypalaians or allow such enemies passage through their territory; in case of an attack on Astypalaia, the Romans would come to its aid, in case of an attack on Rome the Astypalaians would come to its aid; etc. Rome at the end of the second century BCE still maintained the forms -if not the substance- of reciprocity in its dealings with Greek city-states. Since there was no reason for the Romans to single out Astypalaia for such formal courtesy, it is assumed that this treaty followed a standard formula used in treaties with other Greek city states, whose texts did not survive.</p><br>
<h2>Ecclesiastical history</h2><br>
<p>Astypalaea became a Christian bishopric and is mentioned as such in a 10th-century Notitia Episcopatuum. It was a suffragan of the Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rhodes, the capital of the Aegean Insulae province.</p><br>
<h3>Titular Latin Catholic see</h3><br>
<p>As a diocese that is no longer residential, it is listed in the Annuario Pontificio among titular sees.</p><br>
<p>In 1933 it was nominally restored Titular bishopric under the name of Astypalæa.</p><br>
<p>It is vacant since decades, having had a single incumbent of the lowest (episcopal) rank :</p><br>
<p>Titular Bishop James Buis, Mill Hill Missionaries (M.H.M.) (1952.02.14 – 1980.04.24), Apostolic Vicar of Kota Kinabalu (Malaysia) (1947.01.18 – 1972).</p><br>
<h2>Notable people</h2><br>
<p>Onesicritus (c.360-c.290 BC), historian</p><br>
<p>Māngere Mountain in Māngere Domain is one of the largest volcanic cones in the Auckland volcanic field, with a peak 106 m above sea level. It was the site of a major pā  and many of the pā&#39;s earthworks are still obvious. It offers spectacular panoramic views of Auckland from its location in the suburb of Māngere. It is also known as Te Pane a Mataaho.</p><br>
<p>The volcano features two large craters. It has a wide crater with a lava dome near its centre, a feature shared by no other volcano in Auckland. It last erupted approximately 18,000 years ago.</p><br>
<p>The mountain is one of the largest and best preserved of Auckland&#39;s volcanic cones. Many archaeological features remain, including kumara pits, garden terraces, walled garden mounds and stone boundary walls.</p><br>
<p>Near the mountain to the southwest is Māngere Lagoon, filling another volcanic crater.</p><br>
<p>Warnors Theatre is an historic theater located in downtown Fresno, California. The 2,000-seat venue opened in 1928 as the Pantages Theater, after the name of its then owner, Alexander Pantages, and later, the Warner Theater in 1929 after it was purchased by Warner Brothers. The name was changed again in the 1960s to "Warnors" to avoid trademark issues.</p><br>
<p>The theater was designed by B. Marcus Priteca, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Organ</h2><br>
<p>The theater features a unit orchestra (a pipe organ which includes numerous features and instruments, meant to be able to replicate sounds of a full orchestra with only one organist), which was manufactured by the Robert Morton Organ Company of Van Nuys, California and installed in 1928. The organ was to be used to accompany silent films. Aroud the same time the organ was to be installed, movies were beginning to include sound. The theater tried to cancel the order but the organ was installed anyway. The organ has 14 ranks built with 1,035 pipes and a four-manual console with 720 keys, pedals and combination pistons. The organ was used primarily for motion pictures until 1973. Because of the cost of paying orchestra members, most accompanying orchestras were replaced with unit orchestras.</p><br>
<p>The Berlin Philharmonic gave a concert in the theater on November 15, 1956, under its new music director Herbert von Karajan.</p><br>
<p>Trnovo is one of the nine municipalities of the Sarajevo Canton. It is located a 30 kilometers southeast of the city of Sarajevo. The seat of the municipality is in Trnovo, although the municipal council uses the "Maršal" Hotel on Mount Bjelašnica as the official meeting hall. As a result of the 1995 Dayton Accords, the municipality was divided between the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina  and Republika Srpska .</p><br>
<h2>Villages</h2><br>
<p>• Balbašići</p><br>
<p>• Bobovica</p><br>
<p>• Brda</p><br>
<p>• Brutusi</p><br>
<p>• Čeružići</p><br>
<p>• Češina Strana</p><br>
<p>• Čunčići</p><br>
<p>• Dejčići</p><br>
<p>• Delijaš</p><br>
<p>· Deseci</p><br>
<p>• Dujmovići</p><br>
<p>• Durakovići</p><br>
<p>• Gornja Presjenica</p><br>
<p>• Hamzići</p><br>
<p>• Jelačići</p><br>
<p>• Karovići</p><br>
<p>• Kramari</p><br>
<p>• Krsmanići</p><br>
<p>• Ledići</p><br>
<p>• Lisovići</p><br>
<p>• Lukavac</p><br>
<p>• Mađari</p><br>
<p>• Mijanovići</p><br>
<p>• Obla Brda</p><br>
<p>• Ostojići</p><br>
<p>• Pendičići</p><br>
<p>• Pomenovići</p><br>
<p>• Prečani</p><br>
<p>• Rakitnica</p><br>
<p>• Rijeka</p><br>
<p>• Sjeverovići</p><br>
<p>• Šabanci</p><br>
<p>• Šabići</p><br>
<p>• Šišići</p><br>
<p>• Trebečaj</p><br>
<p>• Trnovo</p><br>
<p>• Tušila</p><br>
<p>• Umčani</p><br>
<p>• Umoljani</p><br>
<p>• Zagor</p><br>
<h2>Demographics</h2><br>
<p>The pre-war municipality, with 63 settlements, had a total population of 6,991 people, of whom Muslims (or Bosniaks) were 68.81% and Serbs 29.45%. The Muslim-inhabited settlements became part of the Trnovo municipality of Federation B&H. According to data from the municipality, it is the least populous municipality in the Sarajevo Canton, with a population of 1,747. It is also the least densely populated of the nine municipalities, and has the highest percentage of people over 65 years of age.</p><br>
<p>Ethnically, 95.4% are Bosniaks and 4.6% are Serbs and this accounts for the entire population.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The mountain of Bjelašnica is located within the municipality, offering possibilities for tourism development. However, until there is sufficient infrastructure for tourism development, agriculture remains the main branch of the economy. The stunning Rakitnica canyon is also located within Trnovo municipality.</p><br>
<h2>Notable people</h2><br>
<p>Suvad Katana, footballer (1969 – 2005)</p><br>
<p>The &#39;Sarayu</p><br>
<p>is a river that flows through the Indian states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. This river is of ancient significance, finding mentions in the Vedas and the Ramayana. The Sarayu forms at the confluence of the Karnali (or Ghaghara) and Mahakali (or Sharda) in Bahraich District. The Mahakali or Sharda forms to indo-nepal border. Ayodhya is situated on the banks of river Sarayu. Some mapmakers consider the Sarayu to be just a section of the lower Ghaghara River.</p><br>
<p>On Ram Navami, the festival that celebrates the birthday of Bhagwan Rama, thousands of people take a dip in the Sarayu River at Ayodhya.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>The name is the feminine derivative of the Sanskrit root सर् sar "to flow&quot as a masculine stem, means "air, wind", i.e. "that which is streaming".</p><br>
<h2>Origin and course</h2><br>
<p>The Sarayu forms at the confluence of the Karnali (or Ghaghara) and Mahakali (or Sharda) in Bahraich District at 27&deg;40&prime;27&Prime;N latitude, 81&deg;16&prime;39&Prime;E longitude. It flows into the Ganges at 25&deg;44&prime;36&Prime;N latitude, 84&deg;40&prime;01&Prime;E longitude.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<h3>Traditional</h3><br>
<p>The river is mentioned three times in the Rigveda. The banks of the Sarayu are the location of the slaying of two Aryas at the hands of Indra in RV 4.30.18. It is listed together with western tributaries to the Indus: Rasā, Anitabha, Kubha, Krumu, and the Sindhu itself as obstacles crossed by the Maruts in RV 5.53.9. In this verse, Purisini appears as its epithet. At this stage of the earlier Rigveda, it apparently was a river west of the Indus system that corresponds to Iranian Harayu (Avestan acc. Harōiium, Old Persian Haraiva, modern Harē or Harī), the Hari River. It is invoked together with Sindhu and Sarasvati (two of the most prominent Rigvedic rivers) in the late hymn RV 10.64.</p><br>
<p>Later on, according to Ramayana 1.5.6, the Sarayu flowed beside the ancient city of Ayodhya, which is in the modern day Uttar Pradesh. It was a tributary of the Gogra. This Sarayu played a vital role for the city and life of Ayodhya, and according to the great Sanskrit epic Ramayana, is where Rama, the seventh Avatar of Vishnu immersed himself to return to his eternal, real Mahavishnu form, when he retired from the throne of Kosala. His brothers Bharata and Shatrughna also joined him, as did many devoted followers. The Sarayu is also the river upon whose banks King Rama was born.</p><br>
<p>According to a sub-story within the Ramayana, the banks of the River Sarayu is also the place where King Dashratha accidentally killed Shravan Kumar. (Citation?)</p><br>
<p>In ancient times Aciravati was one of the tributaries of the Sarayu.</p><br>
<h3>Modern</h3><br>
<p>While the Sarayu river plays an important role in RigVeda and Atharva Veda along with Ramayana. Ayodhya, capital of King Rama is mentioned on the banks of Sarayu river. Sarayu river is mentioned in great details in Ramayana. Ayodhya still exists on the banks of river Sarayu in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a tributary of the Ganges which meets two other rivers at the confluence (sangam) in Uttar Pradesh.</p><br>
<h3>Linkage with Queen of ancient Korea, Heo Hwang-ok</h3><br>
<p>The Heo Hwang-ok was a princess of Ayodhya, who married king Suro of Geumgwan Gaya of Korea.</p><br>
<p>In 2008, her memorial was built by the Korean government on the west bank of sarayu river, and Ayodhya was declared as sister city of Incheon.</p><br>
<h2>In fiction</h2><br>
<p>Sarayu is also the name of the river that flows by the fictional town of Malgudi created by the Indian writer R. K. Narayan.</p><br>
<p>Sarayu is the name given to the personification of the Holy Spirit in "The Shack" created by American Novelist William P. Young.</p><br>
<p>Issei Suda is a Japanese photographer.</p><br>
<p>Born in Tokyo in 1940, Suda graduated from the Tokyo College of Photography in 1962. From 1967 to 1970 he worked as the cameraman of the theatrical group Tenjō Sajiki, under Shūji Terayama. He has worked as a freelance photographer since 1971. Suda is a professor at Osaka University of Arts.</p><br>
<h2>Honours</h2><br>
<p>Suda&#39;s book Ningen no kioku won him the 16th Domon Ken Award.</p><br>
<h2>Bibliography</h2><br>
<p>*Fūshi kaden (風姿花伝). Sonorama Shashin Sensho 16. Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1978.</p><br>
<p>*Waga-Tōkyō hyaku (わが東京100). Nikon Salon Books 5. Tokyo: Nikkor Club, 1979.</p><br>
<p>*Inu no hana: Kimagure, shashin, sanpo (犬の鼻：気紛れ・写真・散歩). Tokyo: IBC, 1991. .</p><br>
<p>*Ningen no kioku (人間の記憶). Tokyo: Creo, 1996. .</p><br>
<p>*Akai hana (紅い花). Tokyo: Wides, 2000. . Early photographs.</p><br>
<p>*Fūshi kaden (風姿花伝). JCII Photo Salon library 165. Tokyo: JCII, 2005.</p><br>
<p>*Min&#39;yō sanga (民謡山河). Tokyo: Tōseisha, 2007. .</p><br>
<p>*Kado no tabakoya made no tabi (角の煙草屋までの旅). Tokyo: Place M, 2011. .</p><br>
<p>*The Work of a Lifetime: Photographs 1968–2006. Berlin: Only Photography, 2011. .</p><br>
<p>*Fūshi kaden (風姿花伝) / Fushikaden. Tokyo: Akio Nagasawa Publishing, 2012.</p><br>
<p>*Rubber. Tokyo: M-Books, 2012. . Photographs of rubber fetishism.</p><br>
<p>*Sen-kyūhyaku-nanajūgo Miura Misaki (一九七五 三浦三崎) / 1975 Miuramisaki. Tokyo: Akio Nagasawa Publishing, 2012.</p><br>
<p>*Sparrow Island. Portland: Nazraeli, 2012. . Photographs of Suzumejima (雀島), an islet () in Chiba</p><br>
<p>*松之物語 / Monogatari of Pines. Taiwan: 亦安工作室, 2013. .</p><br>
<p>*Mumei no danjo: Tōkyō 1976–8 (無名の男女 東京 1976–8). Tokyo: Akio Nagasawa Publishing, 2013.</p><br>
<p>*Early Works 1970–1975. Tokyo: Akio Nagasawa Publishing, 2013.</p><br>
<p>*Nagi no hira (凪の片) / Fragments of Calm. Tokyo: Tōseisha, 2013. .</p><br>
<p>*Waga-Tōkyō hyaku (わが東京100) / Waga Tokyo 100. Tokyo: Zen Foto Gallery, 2013.</p><br>
<p>*Tōkyō-kei (東京景) / Tokyokei. Tokyo: Zen Foto Gallery, 2013.</p><br>
<p>*Kamagasaki Magic Lantern. Tokyo: Zen Foto Gallery, 2015. Photographs of Kamagasaki, Osaka.</p><br>
<p>*Childhood Days. Tokyo: Akio Nagasawa Publishing, 2015.</p><br>
<p>*Rei. Tokyo: Akio Nagasawa Publishing, 2015. Photographs of mannequins.</p><br>
<p>*Bōsō fudoki (房総風土記). Kamakura: Super Labo, 2015. . Photographs of Bōsō.</p><br>
<p>*Suddenly. Tokyo: Place M, 2016.</p><br>
<h2>Sources</h2><br>
<p>* Suda Issei (須田一政) / Issei Suda. Nihon no Shashinka 40. Tokyo: Iwanami, 1998. .</p><br>
<p>The Amboni Caves are the most extensive limestone caves in East Africa. They are located 8 km north of Tanga City in Tanzania off the Tanga-Mombasa road. The caves were formed about 150 million years ago during the Jurassic age. It covers an area of 234 km². According to researchers the area was under water some 20 million years ago. There are altogether ten caves but only one is used for guided tours.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Amboni Limited, a company which was then operating sisal plantations in Tanga Region acquired the area in 1892. The company notified the British colonial government about the caves who in turn declared the caves a conservation area in 1922.</p><br>
<p>It is not known when the caves were exactly discovered but reports indicate that ethnic groups such as the Segeju, Sambaa, Bondei and Digo who lived near the caves used it for prayers.</p><br>
<p>In 1963, the then government of Tanganyika handed over the caves to the Department of Antiquities.</p><br>
<h2>Attractions</h2><br>
<p>The cave attracts tourist as well as students for their geography lessons. The attractions include:</p><br>
<p>Popo flight - (Popo means bat in Swahili). Many of them live in the caves. Every evening at sunset they fly out of the cave entrance.</p><br>
<p>Rocks in the shape of: a sofa, a ship, a crocodile, an elephant, map of Africa, Statue of Liberty and a head of a male lion.</p><br>
<p>Amboni caves, Tanga.jpgExterior</p><br>
<p>Peering through the vines, Amboni Caves.jpgVines</p><br>
<p>The Ogosta , is the largest river in Northwestern Bulgaria, a right tributary of the Danube. It originates at the peak of the Chiprovska Mountain  and the West Stara Planina Mountain on the border with Serbia. The towns of Chiprovtsi, Montana, and Miziya are situated on the river&#39;s banks.</p><br>
<p>The Ogosta river is 147.4 km in length and is fed by 40 tributaries (including the Skat River) in a watershed of 3,157 square kilometers. The average water discharge in the lower course of the river is 18 cubic meters per second. Along the river&#39;s length there are 14 irrigation systems, 8 hydropower plants, and 13 dams.</p><br>
<p>Although the river is used for domestic consumption, it does suffer from pollution, particularly from nitrates. These come from the use of fertilizers that are not fully used by the plants. Other than that, there were intensive mining activities along the river between 1950 and 1999, and factories also produced pollution.</p><br>
<p>The major sources of income the river provides are for farmers and animal husbands. This is because the farmers use the waters to irrigate their crops, and the animal husbands breed livestock, let their livestock drink the water, and grow vegetation for the livestock using the water from the river.</p><br>
<h2>Honour</h2><br>
<p>Ogosta Point on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Ogosta.</p><br>
<p>Fort Pike State Historic Site is a decommissioned 19th-century United States fort, named after Brigadier General Zebulon Pike. It was built following the War of 1812 to guard the Rigolets pass in Louisiana, a strait from the Gulf of Mexico, via Lake Borgne, to Lake Pontchartrain bordering New Orleans. It was located near the community of Petite Coquille, now within the city limits of New Orleans.</p><br>
<p>The fort&#39;s ruins were long a tourist attraction, but it was damaged by the Hurricane Katrina storm surge in 2005, and closed for a period. It also had to be closed following Hurricanes Gustav and Isaac in 2008 and 2012, respectively.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>After the War of 1812, the United States built the fort in 1819 to protect New Orleans and the Gulf Coast against British or other invasion of the United States. During the Seminole Wars in Florida through the 1820s, the US temporarily held Seminole Indians here who had been taken prisoner. They were eventually transported to the Seminole Reservation in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma.)</p><br>
<p>The Louisiana Continental Guard took control of the fort in 1861, just weeks before Louisiana joined the Confederacy and the American Civil War began.</p><br>
<p>When Union forces captured New Orleans in 1862, the Confederate forces evacuated Fort Pike. The Union reestablished control of the installation, using it as a base for raids. The fort also became a site for training of United States Colored Troops, established in 1864. These soldiers in the South included mostly former slaves.</p><br>
<p>The fort was abandoned by the United States Army in 1890. No cannon was ever been fired in battle at Fort Pike. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It was maintained as part of a state park, known as the Fort Pike State Historic Site.</p><br>
<p>Before Hurricane Katrina, the fort&#39;s brick-and-mortar structure was decaying. The 2005 storm surge exacerbated the problems. It temporarily completely submerged the entire fort, and destroyed adjacent state park buildings. The site officially reopened on May 2, 2008. But, due to damage caused by Hurricane Gustav in early September 2008, the park was closed indefinitely. As of June 2009, the fort was open. It is undergoing extensive repairs and restoration work. After Hurricane Isaac in 2012, the fort was closed indefinitely pending repairs and debris cleanup.</p><br>
<p>The fort has was re-opened to visitors following Hurricane Isaac, but closed again in February 2015 due to state budget cuts.</p><br>
<h2>Representation in media</h2><br>
<p>The fort was used for filming the 2013 action movie, G.I. Joe: Retaliation, and represented Fort Sumter of Charleston, South Carolina, where the opening shots of the Civil War were fired.</p><br>
<p>The fort was used in a scene of Season 2, Episode 16 of NCIS: New Orleans, titled "Second Chances".</p><br>
<p>Lane&#39;s Mill was a gristmill, sawmill and fulling mill on Four Mile Creek in Section 31 of Milford Township, Butler County, Ohio.</p><br>
<p>The abandoned mill is on Lanes Mill Road, north of Wallace Road. It is within two miles of the present corporate limit of Oxford, Ohio.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original mill was built about 1816 by Isiah Bryant and John Wallace, who also operated the mill for several years. It was rebuilt in 1850 by William Elliott (or Elliot) as a three-story mill, and its owners included James Smiley and later his son-in-law, William L. Lane of Oxford, whose name remains attached to the mill and the road.</p><br>
<p>The Lane&#39;s Mill Historic Buildings, 3884 Wallace Road, were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The Manrod family owned and operated the farm complex after the 1880s.</p><br>
<p>Memorial Hall, also known as Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall and Veterans Memorial Hall, is located in Rockford, Illinois. It was built from 1901 to 1903, and originally was dedicated to those who served in the Civil War and the Spanish–American War. It is said to be the first of its kind in the United States. It is located on the west side of Rockford, one block from the Rock River, across the street from the Rockford Public Library, formerly the Carnegie Library. Although it was initially conceived to honor just those from Winnebago County, Illinois who served in the American Civil War, supporters added a listing of county Spanish–American War veterans before building was begun. Other Winnebago County veterans were later memorialized inside and outside the Hall. The Memorial is one of the few veteran&#39;s memorials that is not a monument. The building is administered by the Winnebago County Board and was dedicated on June 3, 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>This Memorial is a two story building with a basement. The Halls west facade (front) and the east side facade are identical, except for the words Memorial Hall and the year 1902 engraved on front of the building. The building functions as a museum and has rooms lined with 18 plaques containing the names of area individuals who served with the Union during the American Civil War. The plaques also list the names of those who died in the war. The second floor has an auditorium with a stage, and the basement has space for offices and storage. Offices for the Winnebago County Veterans Assistance Commission and the Winnebago County Veterans Association are located in the basement. All three floors are serviced by an elevator. On the buildings east lawn sits a howitzer and it is located on the Blue Star Highway. A large flagpole graces the front entrance and a smaller flag pole is found in the rear.</p><br>
<p>The interior was elaborately painted with symbols and names associated with the Grand Army of the Republic and the Civil War. In the main hall, along the top of the walls, are listed the names of over 20 battles that involved citizens from Winnebago County.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>The idea of a memorial to honor the veterans from Winnebago County was brought up as early as 1866 when W.P. Kinney, minister of the Second Congregational Church, proposed some sort of monument to honor the memory of the 2,109 soldiers and sailors from Winnebago County that served in the American Civil War. In March 1877, John D. Jackson made a proposal to the Winnebago County Board seeking $25,000 for the construction of a soldier&#39;s monument.</p><br>
<p>In 1900, the question of a Memorial Hall was put to voters of Winnebago County; the vote ended in favor of a memorial, at 6,021 to 2,757. In December of that year, Thomas G. Lawler, commander of the Garrett L. Nevius Post #1 of the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), presented a petition with signatures from than 200 veterans requesting the county build a Memorial Hall. The petition asked that the hall not only act as a memorial for veterans of the county but also be used for other county purposes.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by Bradley & Carpenter, a local architectural firm. Construction began in early 1901. The facades were built with Indiana Bedford limestone quarried from the Bedford, Indiana quarry. Construction of Memorial Hall was completed in 18 months for a total cost of $59,136.</p><br>
<h3>Dedication</h3><br>
<p>In February 1903, Mr. J.B. Whitehead, representing the hall and the County Board, extended an invitation to dedicate the building to the sitting President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt. On June 3, the president arrived in Rockford via train, which was met by a reception committee of leading citizens from Winnebago County and Rockford. He and his party were transported by open carriages to Memorial Hall. Entering from the east side of the building, facing the Carnegie Library and the Rock River, Roosevelt took a moment to inspect and admire the interior of the building before exiting to deliver his dedication speech.</p><br>
<p>The president told his listeners that, "No more fitting memorial could be erected to the memory of the men who fought, than a hall such as this—a hall beautiful because of the uses to which it is consecrated." Afterward, he raised a flag which had been flown on the Milwaukee-class vessel USS Winnebago during the Civil War.</p><br>
<p>With the ceremony concluded, the presidential party returned to their carriages and took a roundabout way back to the train to wave and greet children that were lining the streets before departing Rockford 51 minutes after his arrival. Roosevelt returned to Rockford two more times; once on April 6, 1912 and again on September 26, 1917, when he addressed the troops at nearby Camp Grant during World War I.</p><br>
<h3>Hall usage</h3><br>
<p>On the same day that Roosevelt dedicated Memorial Hall, the Nevius Post #1 of the GAR held its first meeting in the building. Over the hundred plus years of its existence, Memorial Hall has hosted a total of over 60 different veterans or associated military groups for various events and meetings.</p><br>
<p>The Hall was threatened with demolition in the 1960s when the County Board proposed to demolish the hall in favor of building a parking ramp in order to extend the parking lot located next to it. In 1966, a large stone marker commemorating the Hall’s dedication was placed on the west side of the building in front of the entrance, and, in 1973, a garden was dedicated to the veterans of the Vietnam War. The Halls future was further assured when, in 1974, the building was named an Illinois Historical Landmark. In 1976, Memorial Hall was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in time for the United States Bicentennial. In the 1980s, to help offset the costs of its upkeep, the Winnebago County Board rented the first floor offices to the Rockford Convention and Visitors Bureau, until early 2004. In 1988, a four-year, $1.5 million restoration project began in response to the parking garage attempt and the fact the building had started to deteriorate due to lack of maintenance.</p><br>
<p>Exhibits include the 18 bronze plaques containing the names of those from Winnebago County who fought and died in the Civil War, along with memorabilia extending from the Revolutionary War to the current Iraq War. Some unique articles on display include a World War I Chauchat light machine gun, a commemorative plaque cast of metal from the wreck of the USS Maine, items from the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, and the Civil War. Other artifacts from 20th & 21st century wars are on display, as well as several artifacts handled and used by President Theodore Roosevelt.</p><br>
<p>Elaborate paintings were initially part of the interior; however, some have been covered up or painted over or were irreparably lost due to the lack of maintenance and pollution. In November 2001, the Memorial Hall Board of Trustees was formed to oversee the Hall, its maintenance and its exhibits, as well as to author a report on future operations. In January 2005, Memorial Hall was officially reopened to the public for guided tours. Since then, many veterans, political and military-associated groups have taken advantage of the facilities.</p><br>
<h3>100th Anniversary</h3><br>
<p>The 100th Anniversary of the dedication of the War Memorial was celebrated in 2003. An invitation was sent to President George W. Bush. He declined, but sent a congratulatory letter which was converted into a plaque, now displayed along with the Roosevelt dedication remarks next to the east (rear) entrance. The celebration ceremonies included a Theodore Roosevelt imitator who gave the same speech that President Roosevelt gave at the original dedication.</p><br>
<p>Bujagali Falls  was a waterfall near Jinja in Uganda where the Nile River comes out of Lake Victoria, sometimes considered the source of the Nile. Starting November 2011, the falls were submerged by the new Bujagali Dam.</p><br>
<h2>Dam</h2><br>
<p>An acute electricity crisis impacted the livelihoods of millions of Ugandans and threatened the country’s development. Hospitals, schools, businesses, and residences suffered daily power shortages, which have stunted Uganda’s economic growth by an estimated one percent of the country’s gross domestic product. The Bujagali project is a 200MW hydropower facility on the Victoria Nile in Uganda that will help address the country’s energy crisis. The project supports Uganda’s broader development strategy, which focuses in large part on improving the investment climate to promote growth and reduce poverty.</p><br>
<p>Others say the costly dam’s power will not meet the needs of the vast majority of the country’s population, will drown a sacred waterfall, and could do further harm to Lake Victoria, the world’s largest tropical lake. Approximately 6,800 people will be directly affected by the creation of the dam.</p><br>
<h2>The Bujagali Spirit</h2><br>
<p>The falls are said by local residents to be the site of a spirit, called the "Spirit of Bujabald," who protects the community by performing rituals at the falls. The spirit is embodied in a man, Jaja Bujabald, who lives next to the falls; he is the thirty-ninth person to be the spirit.</p><br>
<p>The Sella group  is a plateau-shaped massif in the Dolomites mountains of northern Italy. The Sella lies north of the Marmolada and to the east of the Langkofel. The highest peak is Piz Boè at 3,151 m above sea level.</p><br>
<p>The Sella lies between the four Ladin valleys of Badia, Gherdëina, Fascia, and Fodom and is divided between the provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino and Belluno. It can be driven around by car crossing the Campolongo Pass, Pordoi Pass, Sella Pass, and Gardena Pass. In winter it is possible to ski around the entire massif by using the Sella Ronda ski lift carousel. Also each winter the alpine touring ski Sellaronda Skimarathon race is held, which leads around the entire Sella and covers 42 km of mountain trails. The same trails can be mastered by Mountain bike during the summer.</p><br>
<p>Other peaks in the massif are the Cima Pisciadù 2,985 m, the Boèseekofel 2,910 m, the four Sellatürme 2,696 m, Sass Pordoi 2,952 m, whose summit can be reached by funicular from Pordoi Pass, and Brunecker Turm 2,495 m. During winter the summit is the starting point for many alpine ski tours, of which the most famous are the descent through the Val Mesdì and the descent from the Pordoischarte.</p><br>
<h2>Maratona dles Dolomites</h2><br>
<p>Each year the course of the annual single-day seven mountain passes crossing Maratona dles Dolomites Bicycle Race goes around the Sella group.</p><br>
<p>Štrbské pleso  is a picturesque mountain lake of glacial origin and a top tourist destination in the High Tatras, Slovakia. It is the second-largest glacial lake on the Slovak side of the High Tatras, after Veľké Hincovo pleso. Maximum depth is 20 metres .</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Štrbské pleso is now part of the neighborhood of Štrbské Pleso (spelled with a capital P). It is on the municipal lands of the village of Štrba, after which Štrbské pleso ("Lake Štrba") is now named. The word pleso ("tarn") is applied only to mountain lakes. The locals used to call it "the puddle" or "pond" (mláka) in the past. It is the second-largest glacial lake on the Slovak side of the High Tatras, after Hincovo Pleso, to which it loses by 0.8 acre. It is fed by underground springs and has no visible outflow stream. Its surface remains frozen for around 155 days per year.</p><br>
<p>Frierfjorden is a fjord in the Grenland traditional district in the county of Telemark, Norway. It is an arm of the Langesundsfjord and well into the 1700s was also known as the Langesundsfjord. Frierfjorden stretches from the opening to Langesundsfjord in the south to the mouth of the Porsgrunn River in the north. The much smaller fjord of Gunneklevfjord opens into the Porsgrunn/Skien River and is separated from Frierfjorden by the peninsula of Herøya.</p><br>
<p>Frierfjorden narrows to a width of about 300 m at its mouth, Breviksstrømmen, where the town of Brevik sits on the northern side and Stathelle on the southern side. The Brevik Bridge crosses Breviksstrømmen between the two towns. A little further into the fjord the newer Grenland Bridge crosses the fjord, carrying the E18 highway across Norway&#39;s highest cable stayed bridge.</p><br>
<p>Frierfjord has a great deal of commercial ship traffic, including to Rafnes, near Herre, in Bamble, Norsk Hydro in Porsgrunn and formerly to Norske Skog Union in Skien.</p><br>
<p>The name Frier originally comes from the old Norse and means beautiful.</p><br>
<p>The Golden Hinde is a mountain located in the Vancouver Island Ranges on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. At 2,195 m, it is the highest peak on the island. The mountain is located near the geographic centre of Vancouver Island, as well as near the centre of 2,450 km&sup2; Strathcona Provincial Park, at the head of the Wolf River and to the west of Buttle Lake, about 25 km east of the community of Gold River. The peak is popular with experienced backcountry-climbers, having been first ascended in 1913. The mountain is made of basalt which is part of the Karmutsen Formation.</p><br>
<p>The mountain took its name from Sir Francis Drakes ship, the Golden Hind, by an early fur-trading captain, who was reminded of Drakes ship as sunset hit the mountain (which is visible from the west coast of the Island) and in honour of Drakes reputed presence off the coast of the future British Columbia during the explorers circumnavigation of the globe from 1577–80 (see New Albion). The present name was not officially conferred until 1938, but this was done after a reference to the peak in a fur-traders log. The alternative name "The Roosters Comb" was used by early alpinists because of the mountain&#39;s appearance.</p><br>
<p>Cortes Bank is a shallow seamount  in the North Pacific Ocean. It is 96 miles southwest of San Pedro, Los Angeles, 111 miles  west of Point Loma San Diego, United States, and 47 miles  south-west of San Clemente Island in Los Angeles County. It is considered the outermost feature in California&#39;s Channel Islands chain. At various times during geologic history, the bank has been an island, depending on sea level rise and fall. The last time it was a substantial island was around 10,000 years ago during the last ice age. It is quite possible that this island was visited by the first human inhabitants of the Channel Islands, most notably San Clemente Island, whose seafaring residents would have been able to see "Cortes Island" from high elevations on clear days.</p><br>
<p>The shallower reaches of the bank comprise about 15–18 miles of sandstone and basalt and they rise from the ocean floor from 1000 fathoms, or just over a mile depth. The bank has been described as a series of mountaintops, but really it is more of the shape of a wave-scoured mesa with a few hard, basaltic high spots along its length. The shallowest peak, the Bishop Rock, rises to between 3 and 6 feet (1–2 m) from the surface, depending on the tides. On very low tides, the rock can be visible in the trough of passing waves. Other shoal spots besides the Bishop Rock also spawn giant waves. These shoals range in depth from 30 to 100 feet and are a hazard to shipping. Nine Fathom spot is about 4.5 miles (7 kilometers) northwest of Bishop Rock and also rises to about 54 feet (18 m) below the surface. Both are noted scuba diving locations featuring clear water, vast kelp forests and abundant sea life. The Bishop Rock also creates a renowned big-wave surfing spot recognized as being capable of producing some of the tallest surfable waves in the world.</p><br>
<h2>General</h2><br>
<p>It has long been reported that the Cortes Bank was discovered in modern times by the captain of the side-wheel steamship Cortes, TP Cropper. In 1853, during a voyage from Panama to San Francisco, Cropper reported seeing the seas "in violent commotion" above an uncharted seamount that would eventually be named after the ship. Cropper at first thought he was above a volcano. However, it seems likely that the very first modern sighting of the Bank was not by Cropper but by US Navy Lt. James Alden and Captain Jonathan "Mad Jack" Percival. This occurred on January 5, 1846. At that time, the frigate USS Constitution was passing well off the US West Coast from Monterey to see duty in the Mexican American War. The logbook of the Constitution from this day puts the ship in the vicinity of the bank and reads: “At 4-20 (p.m.) discovered breakers bearing N.E. about 10 miles distant.”</p><br>
<p>Alden would eventually become an officer with the United States Coast Survey, an organization charged with mapping the USA coastline. In the wake of the Cortes sighting, and because of his own earlier sighting, Alden dispatched the crew of the USS Ewing to discover the source of the open ocean breakers. Under Alden&#39;s orders, Lt. TH Stevens discovered and mapped the location and a rough outline of the Bank, which was for years incorrectly named "Cortez Bank." Stevens discovered waters around 54 feet deep, although he failed to discover the dangerously shallow area around the Bishop Rock, and it does not show up on the first Coast Survey map published in 1853.</p><br>
<p>Bishop Rock is today marked by a nearby warning buoy. It was named for the clipper ship Stillwell S. Bishop that reportedly struck the rock in 1855, then continued to San Francisco with a patched hull. There is some uncertainty over whether the Bishop actually struck the rock, though the captain of the ship, William Shankland, surely at least encountered waves along its periphery, likely in 1854. In the wake of the Bishops voyage, James Alden placed a talented navigator and inveterate explorer from Wilmington, NC named Lt. Archibald MacRae, USN in command of the Ewing and dispatched him to discover the Banks shoalest reach. On November 3, 1855, the New York Times carried the story "Dangerous Rock off the Coast of California," which reported MacRaes finding and the fact that he and the crew of the ship had anchored a pair of casks bearing a flag to mark the spot. Two weeks after the story appeared, MacRae committed suicide aboard the Ewing in San Francisco Bay, shooting himself in the head with a large caliber Colt revolver, while anchored alongside Aldens ship, the USS Active.</p><br>
<p>Among other notable events in the history of the Cortes Bank is the fairly disastrous exploration of the Bank for treasure in 1957 by Mel Fisher. He was convinced that the wreckage of a Spanish Galleon lay on the seafloor off the Bishop Rock. The expedition found no treasure, but the ship carrying Fisher burned nearly to her waterline.</p><br>
<p>There have been at least two efforts to turn the Cortes Bank into an island nation. The most notable occurred in late 1966, when a team of entrepreneurs planned to turn the Cortes Bank into the constitutional monarchy of Abalonia. The general plan was to scuttle a WWII era concrete hulled freighter—probably the Tampa-built McClosky ship Richard Lewis Humphrey, which was later badged Jalisco in Mexico—atop the Bishop Rock in very shallow water and surround the ship with an ever-expanding ring of boulders so she could be used as a seafood processing factory. The group reasoned that international maritime law would allow them to become the rulers of their own nation because the Bank lay in international waters. The ship was instead destroyed atop the Bishop Rock by the same waves that are surfed today and her crew was nearly killed. The wreck of the Jalisco today lies beneath the surf zone in three pieces in 6 to 40 feet (2–12 m) of water, and is a diving location.</p><br>
<p>When another company planned to form a nation called Taluga, the US government declared that the bank, as part of the continental shelf, was US territory.</p><br>
<p>On 2 November 1985 the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise (CVN-65) struck the Cortes Bank reef about one mile east of Bishop Rock, putting a 60-foot (18 m) gash in her outer hull on the port side, ripped-off her port keel, and severely deformed her outboard port propeller blades. She continued operations, then went into dry dock in San Francisco at the Hunter&#39;s Point Naval Shipyard for repairs.</p><br>
<h2>Surfing</h2><br>
<p>In the summer of 1961, a surfer named Harrison Ealy of Oceanside, California became one of the very first people to surf a wave at the Bishop Rock. In around 1973, surfer Ilima Kalama, father of famed big wave surfer Dave Kalama, nearly lost his life when the abalone fishing boat he was aboard sank on the Bishop Rock in the middle of the night.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1990s Larry Moore, photo editor at Surfing magazine, and Mike Castillo, veteran surfer and pilot, made flights out across the bank on rumors of giant waves. During a monster swell in 1990 that has been dubbed "The Eddie Aikau Swell," they were astonished when they found empty waves breaking atop the bank in the 80 to 90 foot range. By 1995 Moore had seen and photographed waves and that year he led an expedition with a small group of surfers out there (including Surfing magazine editors Sam George and Bill Sharp) and pro surfer George Hulse. The team found relatively small but very glassy waves in the fifteen foot range, and George Hulse was the first to catch one. "It was the only time I wrote out a will before a surf trip," Sharp said of the mission.</p><br>
<p>Several surfers planned for the ideal conditions at the bank. In 2001 a storm called "Storm 15" in the Gulf of Alaska and a high pressure ridge over California came together to create huge swells but light wind over the bank. A team of surfers went out on the F/V Pacific Quest from San Diego, with big-wave tow surfers Ken Collins, Peter Mel, Brad Gerlach and Mike Parsons, plus paddle-surfers Evan Slater and John Walla. On the morning of 19 January 2001 they found smooth glassy conditions and enormous, half-mile long waves breaking across about 1 mile (1.5 kilometer) of reef. Walla and Slater tried to paddle for one of these waves and both nearly drowned.</p><br>
<p>Larry Moore photographed from a circling plane, Dana Brown shot from a boat for his surf film Step Into Liquid, and Fran Battaglia shot from two other boats for his wave science film Making The Call: Big Waves of the North Pacific, his documentary for Swell, XXL, NBC Dateline, Billabong Odyssey and Activision&#39;s Kelly Slater Pro Surfer video game. Parsons was towed into the wave of the day. His very first ride at the Cortes Bank was estimated at 66 feet (20 m) on the face. It won him the first of two Guinness World Records and the Swell XXL Biggest Wave Award (now Billabong XXL) prize of $66,000 for the biggest wave surfed in 2000/2001.</p><br>
<p>On January 5, 2008, Mike Parsons, Brad Gerlach, Grant "Twiggy" Baker and Greg Long returned to the location in the midst of one of the worst storms ever recorded off the coast of California. Mike Parsons was photographed on a wave bigger than his award-winning ride of 2001, judged by the Billabong XXL judges as 70+ feet on the face—later determined to be at least 77 feet—and Parsons second Guinness World Record. He was photographed 15 seconds into the ride indicating a wave of over 80 feet at the start. All witnesses agree that Greg Long rode a bigger wave, between 80 and 90 feet, that was not captured by photo or video. Very dangerous conditions made it difficult to photograph.</p><br>
<p>Although remote, the Cortes Bank draws crowds when conditions are good. On a trip with the Billabong Odyssey in January 2004 Sean Collins counted 10 or 12 boats with about 40 surfers.</p><br>
<p>Westminster Presbyterian Church is a Presbyterian Church located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. Its current location is the third location in downtown in over 140 years.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Westminster began as a gathering of eight people of Scottish, Irish and Welsh heritage in 1857. In 1860, the congregation built its first church, on Fourth Street between Nicollet and Hennepin Avenues in downtown Minneapolis. Because of the rapid growth of the congregation, the church soon outgrew its first location. In 1883, construction of a new, larger church began at Seventh Street and Nicollet Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Twelve years after the opening of the second church site, the building was heavily damaged by a fire. This prompted yet another move when the church rebuilt to its current location at Twelfth Street and Nicollet Mall, opening its doors for services in 1897.</p><br>
<p>In 1998, to coincide with the buildings centennial, the congregation undertook an extensive renovation of the sanctuary. This 3.5 million dollar project restored many of the sanctuarys original design elements, updated the structure and improved lighting and sound. The newly renovated sanctuary opened for services on Sunday, December 20, 1998.</p><br>
<h2>Historical landmark</h2><br>
<p>In recognition of its historic and social significance, Westminster was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. In May 1999 Westminster received the 1999 Heritage Preservation Award from the Minneapolis Heritage Preservation Commission and the Minnesota Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.</p><br>
<h2>Mission statement</h2><br>
<p>In response to the grace of God through Jesus Christ, the mission of Westminster Presbyterian Church is:</p><br>
<p>to proclaim and celebrate the Good News of Jesus Christ</p><br>
<p>to gather as an open community to worship God with dignity and joy, warmth and beauty</p><br>
<p>to nourish personal faith through study, prayer and fellowship</p><br>
<p>to work for love, peace and justice</p><br>
<p>to be a welcoming and caring Christian community, witnessing to God&#39;s love day by day</p><br>
<p>to work locally and beyond with our denomination and the larger Christian Church</p><br>
<p>and, to be a telling presence in the city</p><br>
<p>The Cordillera de Lípez is a mountain range in northern Potosí, Bolivia, and northern Argentina, part of the Andes. The range covers an area of 23,404 km²  and runs in a northeast-southwest direction, between the parallels 22 degrees and 23 degrees, helping to form the boundary between Bolivia and Argentina. Thus the Cordillera de Lípez is a transverse range in the Andes, between the Cordillera Oriental and the Cordillera Occidental, creating the southern boundary of the Bolivian Altiplano.</p><br>
<p>The highest peak is Uturunku at 6,008 m (19,711 ft). Other important peaks are Cerro Lípez (5,929 m) sometimes misidentified as Nuevo Mundo; Soniquera (5,899 m) (sometimes misspelled as Soreguera); and Tinte (5,849 m) which is on the Bolivian-Argentine border. Despite the high elevations, there is no current glacier activity in the Cordillera de Lípez, just some semi-permanent snow fields.</p><br>
<p>Jatun Mundo Quri Warani , also known as Nuevo Mundo, is a stratovolcano, lava dome and a lava flow complex between Potosí and Uyuni, Bolivia, in the Andes rising to a peak at 5,438 m. It is located in the Potosí Department, Antonio Quijarro Province, Tomave Municipality. It lies northeast of the peaks of Uyuni, Kuntur Chukuña and Chuqi Warani and south of Sirk&#39;i.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The term Jatun Mundo Quri Warani contains Quechua and/or Aymara words (jatun "big", quri "gold", warani "the one with a scepter" or "constellation"). Mundo (Spanish for "world") is possibly a Hispanicized or a broken word of native origin. As it is an unusually long name it may erroneously be composed of two alternate names, either Jatun Mundo or Quri Warani, as it occurred with Pacha Qullu (or Kimsa Misa) which is also sometimes regarded as Pacha Kkollu Quimsa Misa.</p><br>
<p>To denominate this mountain the Bolivian government only uses the native term and not Nuevo Mundo.</p><br>
<p>Nuevo Mundo according to the maps of the Bolivian Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM) is another peak at 21&deg;56&prime;11&Prime;S latitude, 66&deg;55&prime;09&Prime;W longitude southwest of the Lípez volcano (5,933 m) which reaches a height of approximately 5,500 m.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first mountaineering in the area was before 1903, by a Frenchman, Georges Courty, whose notes led to the mysterious entry in the 1987 book Mountaineering in the Andes by Jill Neate, "Nuevo Mundo, 6020 m, location uncertain."</p><br>
<p>The German geologist Frederic Ahlfeld, an avid mountaineer, moved to Bolivia in 1924. He began exploring the mountains in Potosí Department after World War II, climbing a number of the peaks. In a letter to the historian and mountaineer Evelio Echevarría in 1962, Ahlfeld stated that because of the supposed height of Nuevo Mundo one of the two Lípez peaks might be a possible candidate for Monsieur Courty’s mysterious mountain. In 1969, in Ahlfeld&#39;s book Geografia Fisica de Bolivia, Ahlfeld presented a drawing of a Nuevo Mundo (5438 m.) with its description, and at a location southwest of Potosí and just north of the small village of Potoco, far away from Cerro Lípez – as was supposed.</p><br>
<p>At the end of the 1990s, Toto Aramayo, Yossi Brain and Dakin Cook undertook the search for Ahlfelds Nuevo Mundo, and they thought they had found it at Latitude:19°470"S, Longitude: 66°29&#39;0"W.</p><br>
<p>There have been doubts that Ahlfelds Nuevo Mundo lies in the Lípez area because it did not seem to be congruent to his descriptions according to which the mountain that he had visited was southwest of Potosí and immediately north of a village named Potoco. However, the current maps of the IGM seem to confirm it. Even the toponym putuku (the name for a type of conical house) occurs in the corresponding maps of the Lípez area: The mountain southwest of Nuevo Mundo is named Putuku Kuchu (Potoco Khuchu), and the river from this mountain along the southern slopes of Nuevo Mundo is named Pocota Abra in the map (abra means "pass" in Spanish), possibly a broken word. Further to the south there is a region named Putukuyuq (Quechua, meaning "the one with a putuku (or putuku houses)", also spelled Potokheyoj).</p><br>
<p>Some maps as of 2013 labeled the Lípez volcano as Nuevo Mundo.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Jatun Mundo Quri Warani is a complex eruption center on the edge of the Los Frailes Plateau with a stratovolcano which is capped by cinder cones (mostly of ash and pumice). At the base level there are two lava flows (of a viscous dacite) that erupted along a north-south fault. Apparently at the same time there were block-and-ash flows to the east. Later a highly explosive Plinian eruption produced an ash fall that extended over 200 km to the east, as far as Potosí. This eruption was quite recent, but it predated the arrival of the Spanish in 1533. While earlier eruption centers, such as the Khari Khari caldera, Wila Qullu, Kuntur Nasa, Villacolo, Cerro Wanapa Pampa created the Los Frailes Plateau, Jatun Mundo Quri Warani overlaid those Los Frailes plateau deposits in the Holocene with huge ignimbrite deposits, which are mostly pyroclastic dacite and andesite.</p><br>
<p>Coulees erupted from Nuevo Mundo lay above moraines. The last eruption of Nuevo Mundo may have been observed by inhabitants of the Gran Chaco, leading to myths about a great darkness and the sky falling.</p><br>
<p>The Warner Theatre is an Art-Deco style movie palace located at 68-82 Main Street in Torrington, Connecticut. It opened on August 19, 1931 as part of the Warner Bros. chain of movie theaters. Today it operates as a mixed-use performing arts center. It is individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places and also a contributing property in the Downtown Torrington Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The theater has been deemed the "finest surviving Modernistic theatre in Connecticut."</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Warner Theatre was built as a first-run movie palace by Warner Bros. Studios. This elaborate art-deco building was designed by nationally renowned architect Thomas W. Lamb. The opening was a statewide event attended by then-Governor Wilbur Cross and many other dignitaries. Seating 1,772 patrons, the Warner was a stunning example of state-of-the-art technology and lush, elegant surroundings.</p><br>
<p>In the 1960s Warner Brothers sold the Warner Theatre to a private owner who continued to show movies until the late 1970s. By the early 1980s the theatre was closed and slated for demolition when a group of local citizens banded together and formed what is now known as the Northwest Connecticut Association for the Arts. This non-profit group worked passionately to save the landmark from destruction. After a successful grass-roots campaign, the association purchased the theatre and re-opened it on May 22, 1983.</p><br>
<p>The theatre is in operation year-round with more than 80,000 patrons passing through its doors each year. It provides a dynamic art-in-education program that has reached thousands of young people from throughout the region. It features a community theatre program that is supported by more than 400 volunteers—from actors to carpenters to ushers. It has presented some of the worlds finest performers, from the Vienna Boys Choir to Anne Murray, and from George Carlin to the Washington Ballet. The Warners dedicated Board of Directors represents a unique cross-section of business, education, government, and the arts, providing strong and visionary leadership for this important institution.</p><br>
<p>On October 14, 2012, independent film director Paul Rothbart shot the opening scene for his short romantic comedy, "Isn&#39;t It Romantic?" in the lobby of the Warner.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>Funded by an exhaustive fund-raising effort, that included generous support from the State and Federal governments, the community, and regional corporations, the Warner Theatre closed its doors in early August 2002 to complete Phase One of its restoration of the vintage Art Deco auditorium. Construction crews cleared the venue of its 1956 seating, worn wall hangings, and interim floor covering. For two months, the auditorium was filled with 45 ft. high scaffolding to enable the restoration of the intricately stencilled ceiling, refurbishment of the huge, silver and gold star-shaped light, and cleaning and gilding for the complex, interweaving pattern that tops the theatre&#39;s walls.</p><br>
<p>The "monkey fur"—actually crushed velvet—wall covering that was brown for more than a generation, has been restored back to its original vivid blood orange hue through a supplier in Germany. Gold brocade draperies from France now accent the walls, replace the act curtain, and dress the lobby stairway landing. The auditorium floor was also refurbished to better accommodate handicap access, and the lobby, aisle, and atrium carpeting was restored with a recreation of the original Art Deco pattern that lined the floors when the theatre opened in 1931. The lighting, sound, and fire alarm systems were also updated, restoring the venue back to state-of-the-art status.</p><br>
<h2>Damage</h2><br>
<p>In 1999 a fire broke out in the theatre. A ghost light nicknamed "Larry The Light" was left too close to the act curtain by the theatre&#39;s cleaning crew. The light ignited the curtain, and the flames spread quickly. Damages amounting to $300,000 included the loss of the act curtain, damage to the stage floor, and smoke damage to the auditorium walls and ceiling.</p><br>
<p>The Euganean Hills  are a group of hills of volcanic origin that rise to heights of 300 to 600 m from the Padovan-Venetian plain a few km south of Padua. The Colli Euganei form the first Regional park established in the Veneto , enclosing fifteen towns and eighty one hills.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The name memorializes that of the Euganei, an ancient people who inhabited the region upon contact with the Romans.</p><br>
<p>The Euganean Hills were formed in a sub-marine outwelling of basaltic lava during the Eocene, which was followed in the Oligocene by an episode of activity characterized by viscous magma, which formed deposits of trachyte.</p><br>
<p>The Euganean Hills, just visible from Venice, have been celebrated for their picturesque beauty and their hot springs. In the Euganean Hills, at Arquà, which now bears his name attached to it, Petrarch found peace and harmony towards the end of his life. He discovered the village in 1369; there, he stated in his letter to posterity, "I have built me a house, small, but pleasant and decent, in the midst of slopes clothed with vines and olives,"&mdash;a house that may be seen there today. The Euganean hills, like an archipelago of steep-sided wooded islands rising from the perfectly flat agricultural plain, inspired the setting of Percy Bysshe Shelley&#39;s Lines Written Among the Euganean Hills; Shelley likens the hill he has found himself upon, at first to an island in "the deep wide sea of Misery", then he sees that</p><br>
<p>which brings his thoughts to Venice "thou hast been/Ocean&#39;s child, and then his queen;/Now is come a darker day," and finally to a wish for an idyllic retreat.</p><br>
<h2>The Euganean Hills Regional Park</h2><br>
<p>The Parco Regionale dei Colli Euganei was established in 1989 by the Veneto Region. It covers an area of about 18,000 hectares. The park offers a wide choice of recreational, natural world, historical and tourist activities.</p><br>
<h2>Communes of the Euganean Hills</h2><br>
<p>Abano Terme</p><br>
<p>Arquà Petrarca</p><br>
<p>Baone</p><br>
<p>Battaglia Terme</p><br>
<p>Cervarese Santa Croce</p><br>
<p>Cinto Euganeo</p><br>
<p>Este</p><br>
<p>Galzignano Terme</p><br>
<p>Lozzo Atestino</p><br>
<p>Monselice</p><br>
<p>Montegrotto Terme</p><br>
<p>Rovolon</p><br>
<p>Teolo</p><br>
<p>Torreglia</p><br>
<h2>Wines of the Colli Euganei</h2><br>
<p>Thirteen wineries have grouped together under the recently established Colli Euganei denomination. Wines consist of the White, with its typical straw-yellow colour and jasmine scent, the Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon reds, the Chardonnay, the Fior d’Arancio, the very sweet yellow Moscato, the Merlot, the Novello, the dry, Pinot blanc, Red Wine, the sparkling and the ("Italic Tokay").</p><br>
<p>Turners Hill or Turner&#39;s Hill is the highest hill in the West Midlands, England, at 271m above sea level. The hill is situated on the border of Dudley and Rowley Regis, in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell , in a rural part of the predominantly industrial Black Country.</p><br>
<p>The hill can be seen from many miles away, and offers good views to Clent Hills, Kinver Edge, Shatterford Hill, Barr Beacon and on a clear day to the Shropshire and Malvern Hills. There are good views of the hill from the M5 Motorway between Junctions 1 and 2.</p><br>
<h2>Features</h2><br>
<p>There are working quarries on the southern end of the hill that are used to obtain diabase.</p><br>
<p>On top of the hill are two large radio transmission towers which can be seen for many miles.</p><br>
<p>Dudley Golf Course (now actually just over the border of Dudley in Sandwell) is also situated on the hill.</p><br>
<p>Strandzha  is a mountain massif in southeastern Bulgaria and the European part of Turkey. It is in the southeastern part of the Balkans between the plains of Thrace to the west, the lowlands near Burgas to the north, and the Black Sea to the east. Its highest peak is Mahya Dağı   in Turkey, while the highest point on Bulgarian territory is Golyamo Gradishte  . The total area is approximately 10,000 km&sup2;.</p><br>
<p>The name of the massif allegedly derives from Istranca, the former name of the municipality of Binkılıç in Çatalca district, Istanbul province.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and climate</h2><br>
<p>The climate of the area is considerably influenced by the Black Sea and is predominantly humid continental in the mountains and humid subtropical at the coast. Major rivers in the area are the Veleka (147 km long) and the border river Rezovska (112 km long).</p><br>
<h2>Strandzha Nature Park</h2><br>
<p>Strandzha Nature Park, established in 1995 in the Bulgarian part of the massif, is the largest protected area in Bulgaria, embracing 1,161 km&sup2;, or about 1% of Bulgaria&#39;s total territory.</p><br>
<h2>History and culture</h2><br>
<p>Inhabited by the Thracians in antiquity, Strandzha is an area with a large concentration of ruins of Thracian sanctuaries, sacrificial altars, dolmens, and other archaeological objects.</p><br>
<p>The mountains were the site of the Bulgarian Preobrazhenie Uprising of 1903 that was crushed by Ottoman troops. The current Bulgarian-Turkish border in the region was established after the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913, when the northern part of Strandzha became part of Bulgaria.</p><br>
<p>Culturally, the Bulgarian part of Strandzha is known for the specific architecture that can be observed in Malko Tarnovo, Brashlyan, and most other villages, the rich folklore and distinctive rituals, such as nestinarstvo (barefoot dancing on live embers), that preserve pagan elements.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>The Strandzha Mountains have a rich and diverse flora and fauna, unique within Europe. 50% of Bulgaria&#39;s flora can be observed in Strandzha Nature Park and the area has 121 habitat types. In Strandzha over 600 species of invertebrates are found, as well as over 400 species of vertebrates, 41 species of freshwater fish, 10 species of amphibians, over 20 species of reptile, more than 130 species of breeding birds, and over 60 species of mammals.</p><br>
<p>One of the reasons for the abundance of flora and fauna is the area&#39;s location at a bio-geographical crossroad between the European and Asian continents.</p><br>
<p>The plant communities in Strandzha developed before Europe was separated from Asia by the formation of the Bosporus Strait that now connects the Black Sea with the Mediterranean Sea. Land-ice never reached Strandzha during the ice-ages of the Pleistocene and the Holocene. This lack of glaciations helped create the circumstances in which flora characteristic for the Tertiary period on the European continent has been preserved in Strandzha.</p><br>
<h2>Honour</h2><br>
<p>Strandzha Glacier on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Strandzha Mountain.</p><br>
<p>The Richard Wall house, built 1682, is a historic home in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania. It had continuous Wall family residency for over 150 years, having been in the Wall family and its descendants through 1847. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as "Wall House" also known as "The Ivy".</p><br>
<p>The home has undergone numerous renovations, with a section of basement wall being the only original construction remaining. The site of religious meetings and weddings, it is also among the earliest places of Quaker worship still standing in the United States. It is now a museum located at Church Road and Wall Park Drive in Elkins Park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Richard Wall was a founder of Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania. He arrived with William Penn&#39;s group of Quakers in 1682. He and fourteen others pooled their land purchases to create the township. They named the township for the main town in Gloucestershire, England, where they apparently originated.</p><br>
<p>The Wall family was joined in marriage by the Shoemaker family. The families owned a corn grist mill on Tacony Creek. Descendants of the Walls lived in the house until 1847, followed by the Bosler family. In 1932 the township acquired the house and surrounding lands for "Wall Park." The house was rented from 1932 to 1979. Harold C. Pike, (township manager) moved in 1941 and resided there until his death in 1978. Since 1980 the house has been managed by the Cheltenham Township Historical Commission, which opened the museum and orientation center in 1993.</p><br>
<p>An original section of wall can be seen in the current basement. The house was redesigned in 1730, 1760, and 1805. Later renovations added running water and electricity.</p><br>
<p>The permanent exhibits display elements of life during more than two hundred years of residence. Highlights include a fully furnished and electrified, 5 ft doll house created before 1920; and a collection of over 100 antique tools.</p><br>
<p>Shispare  is one of the high peaks of the Batura Muztagh,</p><br>
<p>which is the westernmost subrange of the Karakoram range.</p><br>
<p>Alternate forms of the name of this peak are Shispare Sar and Shisparé Sar.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Shispare lies east of the Batura Wall, which is the highest part of the Batura Muztagh.</p><br>
<p>The Hunza River curves around the southwest, west, and northwest sides of the Batura Muztagh, and Shispare towers above the western bank of the river.</p><br>
<p>In turn, the Hunza Valley lies in the Gilgit District of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.</p><br>
<h2>Notable features</h2><br>
<p>Shispare is notable for its tremendous rise above local terrain. For example, the nearby town of Karimabad, in the Hunza Valley,</p><br>
<p>has an elevation of 2,060 m, making for 5,550 m of relief, in only 13 km (8 mi) horizontal distance. Being near the end of the Batura</p><br>
<p>Muztagh, it commands large drops in three directions (north, east, and south).</p><br>
<p>In addition, Shispare has a strikingly large and steep Northeast Face.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Climbing began in the Batura Muztagh later than in other parts of the Karakoram. Shispare was the first major peak in the range to be successfully climbed, in 1974, by the "Polish-German Academic Expedition" under the leadership of Janusz Kurczab. The ascent took 35 days, and during preparations for a second group to try for the summit, one member of the expedition (Heinz Borchers) was killed in an avalanche.</p><br>
<p>The first ascent route followed the Pasu Glacier to the East Ridge, between the Pasu and Ghulkin Glacier.</p><br>
<p>(Note: this ridge goes southeast from the summit, turns northeast, and then turns roughly east, so it is called the</p><br>
<p>"southeast ridge" and the "northeast ridge" in different sources.)</p><br>
<p>Difficulties included a long ice ridge, and the access to the ridge required 1500m of fixed rope.</p><br>
<p>The next attempt was in 1989 by members of the Ryukoku University Alpine Club in Japan, led by Masato Okamoto. The group was on the mountain for almost two months, but was not able to summit; their high point was around 7,200 m.</p><br>
<p>In 1994, a group from the Komono Alpine Club in Japan, led by Yukiteru Masui, achieved the second ascent of the peak. They reached Base Camp on June 18, and Masui, Kokubu, and Ozawa reached the summit on July 20. They followed the same route as the first ascent party and climbed in a similar style, with a similar amount of fixed rope.</p><br>
<p>The lists no other ascents or attempts of this peak.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing</h2><br>
<p>The first (and second) ascent route is described above. It is likely that any other ascent route would involve (at least) similar difficulties, making this a highly challenging peak.</p><br>
<p>Lac Baker  is a Canadian lake with an area of 6 km² located in northwestern New Brunswick on the border with Quebec.</p><br>
<p>The lake drains to the south through Baker Brook into the Saint John River at the community of Baker Brook.</p><br>
<p>The northern part of the lake stretches 0.8 km to the northwest, in the municipality of Saint-Jean-de-Lande in Quebec province. This lake has a central island with a length of 1.2 km and a maximum width of 0.3 km, counting about fifty chalets.</p><br>
<p>This lake is supplied in term of water from Kitchen Creek (from the West, i.e. from the Quebec). The mouth of the lake is located on the provincial border in the northwest part of the lake.</p><br>
<p>The lake is surrounded by a road for cottages arranged around it.</p><br>
<h2>Toponymy</h2><br>
<p>The lake derives its name from John Baker, who founded Baker Brook and subsequently discovered the lake.</p><br>
<p>Rocky Mount, in Piney Flats, Tennessee, also known as the Cobb-Massengill House, was the first territorial capital of the Southwest Territory.</p><br>
<p>The property of William Cobb, the original residence at Rocky Mount served as the territorial capital from 1790 to 1792. Dendroarchaeological investigations at the site by the University of Tennessee revealed that the present dwelling dates to the late 1820s.</p><br>
<p>The property is owned by the State of Tennessee and has been operated by the Rocky Mount Historical Association, a non-profit organization in partnership with the Tennessee Historical Commission, since 1962. The property is a living museum that recreates the year 1791, when William Blount was in residence as governor. It is next to the DeVault-Massengill House.</p><br>
<p>Batura Sar , also referred to as Batura I, is the 25th highest mountain on earth,located in the Baltistan region of Pakistan. It is the highest peak of the Batura Muztagh, which is the westernmost subrange of the Karakoram range. It forms the apex of the Batura Wall, which is a continuously high part of the backbone of the Batura Muztagh.</p><br>
<p>Alternate forms of the name of this peak are Batura, Batura I, and Batura I East.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Batura sar lies between Passu village of gojal valley and Hunza valley.</p><br>
<p>Batura Sar and the Batura Wall lie near the middle of the Batura Muztagh, which is the only part of the Karakoram which is west of the Hunza River. The river curves around the southwest, west, and northwest sides of the Batura Muztagh. In turn, the Gojal Valley lies in the Hunza District of the Gilgit-Baltistan area of Pakistan.</p><br>
<h2>Notable features</h2><br>
<p>In addition to being one of the highest mountains in the world, Batura Sar is also the second most prominent peak in the Karakoram range. Since it lies at the northwest end of the Karakoram, there is no higher peak north or west of it in the world.</p><br>
<p>The Batura Wall is notable for being a long (approximately 10 km) and imposing ridge over 7000m. Batura is a very ridgelike peak, not a pointed spire.</p><br>
<p>Although it is just slightly higher (according to the usual figures) than nearby Rakaposhi, it is not nearly as famous, since it is set back much further from the Hunza Valley.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Climbing began in the Batura Muztagh later than in other parts of the Karakoram, and despite Batura Sar&#39;s height, it has seen little climbing activity.</p><br>
<p>A climber named Matthias Rebitsch is recorded (by Neate) as having been in the icefall area (this is presumably the Batura First Ice Flow on the north side of the peak) in 1954. The peak was attempted in 1959 by three British and two German climbers, but they all died, probably in an avalanche. Some of the climbers may have gotten near the summit.</p><br>
<p>The first ascent of the peak was in 1976 by the Göppingen Karakoram-Himalaya Expedition, led by Dr. Alexander Schlee. They placed their base camp on the Baltar Glacier, below the South Face of the peak, on May 21. Hubert Bleicher and Herbert Oberhofer reached the summit on June 30.</p><br>
<p>The first ascent route climbed first from the Eastern Baltar Glacier up and over Batokshi Peak (called "Saddle Peak" by the first expedition) to Batokshi Pass (called the "Batura Saddle"). It then climbed diagonally up and northeast to East Ridge, and thence to the summit. The route used five camps above base camp.</p><br>
<p>The second ascent of the peak was in 1983 by an Austrian group, who climbed a new route, to the left of the first ascent route.</p><br>
<p>The Himalayan Index lists an ascent in 1984, but this is contradicted by Neate&#39;s book, so the status of this is unclear.</p><br>
<p>The year 1988 saw the third or fourth ascent of Batura Sar, by another Polish-German expedition, led by Piotr Mlotecki. They used the first ascent route; however, they failed in an additional goal of reaching Batura I West.</p><br>
<p>The Himalayan Index lists five other failed attempts on the peak; these include a winter attempt by an Austrian group in 1981. However, there seems to have been little or no activity on the north side of the mountain since the 1950s.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing</h2><br>
<p>The first ascent route is outlined above. The first ascent party reported ice up to 50 degrees,</p><br>
<p>but they do not record the use of any extensive fixed ropes. They noted the weather and repeated storms as the primary difficulty.</p><br>
<p>Darebin Creek is a creek that runs through the northern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is the main watercourse of the Darebin Valley and a major tributary of the Yarra River. For tens of thousands of years it was used as a food and tool source sustainably by the Wurundjeri people, Indigenous Australians of the Kulin nation alliance, who spoke variations of the Woiwurrung language group.</p><br>
<p>The creek rises on the northern urban fringe of Melbourne north of the suburb of Epping, following a general southerly route and meeting the Yarra at Alphington. The creek forms much of the municipal boundary between the City of Darebin and City of Banyule. Formerly an intermittent stream, increased stormwater runoff with urbanisation of the Darebin Creek catchment has resulted in permanent water flow.</p><br>
<p>The creek runs through Darebin Parklands, a large nature reserve one or two kilometres northwest of the junction at which the creek meets the Yarra. The Darebin Creek Trail runs along the banks in the lower reaches of the creek.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Darebin Creek&#39;s headwaters begin in Wollert, South Morang and even as far as Woodstock where they flow in a roughly southerly direction before meeting north of Epping.</p><br>
<h3>Settlements</h3><br>
<p>Greater Melbourne - 3.8m</p><br>
<p>Wollert - 348</p><br>
<p>Woodstock</p><br>
<h2>Parklands</h2><br>
<p>Excellent examples of remnants of Melbourne’s early agricultural history can be seen within the Darebin Parklands in Alphington and Ivanhoe. The olive and other fruit trees within the park are more than a century old. The Darebin Creek Trail links many of these parks as it follows the course of the creek for much of its length. Below is a list of parklands that adjoin the Darebin Creek, listed from downstream to upstream:</p><br>
<p>Yarra Bend Park</p><br>
<p>Darebin Parklands</p><br>
<p>Dundas Street Wetlands</p><br>
<p>Olympic Park</p><br>
<p>Sullivan&#39;s Park</p><br>
<p>LaTrobe Wildlife Reserve</p><br>
<p>Bundoora Park</p><br>
<p>Palike  was an ancient city on Sicily. Its archeological site is located in Rocchicella on a spur of basalt in the valley of the Margi river. It lies at a distance of two kilometers to the west of the comune of Palagonia, but is part of the comune of Mineo, both in the province of Catania. The Sicilian Region has recently acquired the area and opened it to the public. An exhibition was created to show the materials found there during excavations.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The origins of the ancient town are uncertain. Diodorus Siculus writes that it was founded in 453 BCE by the native Sikel leader Ducetius. It was named after the sanctuary of the Palici nearby. The city was surrounded by strong walls and grew rapidly because of the fertility of its soil. However, it was soon destroyed and the site remained uninhabited at the time Diodorus wrote the Bibliotheca historica, which he finished in approximately 60 BCE.</p><br>
<p>Palike&#39;s destruction most likely happened in 440 BCE, when the city of Trinakie was destroyed by Syracuse according to Diodorus Siculus. Ducetius had died of an illness earlier in the same year. Peter Green and several other historians argue that Trinakie was most likely the same city as Palike. The table of contents of the Bibliotheca historica refers to the Syracusan campaign as being conducted "against the Picenians", which makes no sense. If the spelling of the Ancient Greek text is slightly altered, this would read "against the men of Palici". Trinakie is an ancient indigenous name for Sicily, which would have been a suitable name for the nationalistic ambitions of the Sicels. The city might have been renamed to Trinakie or it could have been the name of its acropolis.</p><br>
